Leviticus 14:31

one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, together with the grain offering. In this way the priest will make atonement before the LORD for the one to be cleansed.

Study Bible

one as a sin offering
The Hebrew term for "sin offering" is "חַטָּאת" (chatta'ath), which signifies a sacrifice made to atone for sin. In the context of Leviticus, the sin offering is a crucial part of the purification process, symbolizing the removal of sin and impurity. This offering underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for divine forgiveness. Historically, the sin offering was a tangible reminder of the Israelites' need for holiness and the grace of God in providing a means for reconciliation.

and the other as a burnt offering
The "burnt offering," or "עֹלָה" (olah) in Hebrew, represents complete surrender and dedication to God. Unlike the sin offering, which was partially consumed by the priests, the burnt offering was entirely consumed by fire, symbolizing total devotion and the worshiper's desire to be wholly pleasing to God. This offering reflects the believer's call to live a life fully dedicated to the Lord, acknowledging His sovereignty and grace.

together with the grain offering
The "grain offering," known as "מִנְחָה" (minchah) in Hebrew, was an offering of fine flour, oil, and frankincense. It accompanied the burnt offering and symbolized the fruits of one's labor and gratitude to God. The inclusion of the grain offering highlights the importance of offering not just one's self but also the work of one's hands to God, recognizing Him as the provider of all blessings.

In this way the priest will make atonement
The role of the priest in making "atonement" (כָּפַר, kaphar) is central to the sacrificial system. Atonement involves covering or purging sin, allowing the individual to be reconciled with God. The priest acts as a mediator, pointing to the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who makes perfect atonement for humanity's sins. This process emphasizes the necessity of mediation and the grace of God in restoring fellowship with Him.

before the LORD
The phrase "before the LORD" (לִפְנֵי יְהוָה, lifnei Yahweh) signifies the presence of God, where the offerings are presented. It underscores the holiness and reverence required in worship and the understanding that all acts of atonement and worship are ultimately directed towards God Himself. This phrase reminds believers of the omnipresence of God and the importance of living a life that is pleasing in His sight.

for the one to be cleansed
The concept of being "cleansed" (טָהֵר, taher) is central to the Levitical laws, representing both physical and spiritual purification. This cleansing is not merely a ritualistic act but a profound transformation that allows the individual to re-enter the community and worship God freely. It points to the deeper spiritual cleansing available through Christ, who purifies believers from all unrighteousness, enabling them to stand blameless before God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Priest
The priest acts as a mediator between God and the people, performing the rituals necessary for atonement and cleansing.

2. The One to be Cleansed
This refers to the individual who has been afflicted with a skin disease (often translated as leprosy) and is seeking ritual purification.

3. Sin Offering
A sacrifice made to atone for sin, symbolizing the removal of sin and impurity.

4. Burnt Offering
A sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire, symbolizing total dedication to God.

5. Grain Offering
An offering of flour, oil, and frankincense, symbolizing thanksgiving and dedication to God.

Teaching Points

The Role of Sacrifice in Atonement
Sacrifices in the Old Testament were essential for atonement, pointing to the need for a mediator between God and humanity.

Symbolism of Offerings
Each offering (sin, burnt, grain) has a specific purpose and symbolism, reflecting aspects of repentance, dedication, and thanksgiving.

God’s Provision for All
The allowance for different types of offerings based on economic status shows God's inclusivity and care for all individuals.

Christ as the Fulfillment
Jesus Christ fulfills the sacrificial system, offering Himself as the ultimate sacrifice for sin, rendering the old system obsolete.

Holistic Cleansing
The process of cleansing in Leviticus is both physical and spiritual, reminding us of the comprehensive nature of God's redemption.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the role of the priest in Leviticus 14:31 foreshadow the role of Jesus as our High Priest?

2. In what ways do the different offerings (sin, burnt, grain) reflect aspects of our relationship with God today?

3. How does the provision for different economic statuses in the sacrificial system demonstrate God's justice and mercy?

4. How can understanding the Old Testament sacrificial system deepen our appreciation for Christ's sacrifice?

5. What practical steps can we take to ensure our lives reflect the holistic cleansing and dedication symbolized by the offerings in Leviticus 14:31?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 5:7-10
This passage outlines the offerings for those who cannot afford a lamb, showing God's provision for all economic statuses.

Hebrews 10:1-18
Discusses how the sacrifices of the Old Testament were a shadow of the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, who provides complete atonement.

Mark 1:40-45
Jesus heals a leper, demonstrating His authority over impurity and His role as the ultimate High Priest.