Leviticus 10:16

Later, Moses searched carefully for the goat of the sin offering, and behold, it had been burned up. He was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron's remaining sons, and asked,

Study Bible

Later, Moses searched carefully
The phrase "Later, Moses searched carefully" indicates a diligent and thorough investigation by Moses. The Hebrew root for "searched carefully" is "דָּרַשׁ" (darash), which implies an earnest seeking or inquiring. This reflects Moses' deep commitment to ensuring that God's commandments were followed precisely. In the historical context, Moses, as the leader and mediator between God and Israel, had the responsibility to maintain the sanctity and order of worship. His careful search underscores the seriousness with which the Israelites were to approach their covenant relationship with God.

for the goat of the sin offering
The "goat of the sin offering" refers to a specific sacrifice prescribed in Levitical law for atonement of sin. The Hebrew word for "sin offering" is "חַטָּאת" (chatta'ath), which signifies a sacrifice made to atone for sin and restore the relationship between the people and God. The sin offering was a crucial part of the sacrificial system, symbolizing the need for purification and forgiveness. In the broader scriptural context, this offering foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who, as the Lamb of God, takes away the sin of the world (John 1:29).

but it had been burned up
The phrase "but it had been burned up" indicates that the goat, which was supposed to be eaten by the priests as part of the ritual, was instead completely consumed by fire. This deviation from the prescribed ritual highlights the importance of obedience to God's instructions. The burning of the offering, rather than its consumption by the priests, could symbolize a complete offering to God, yet it also points to a failure in following the divine command. This incident serves as a reminder of the need for careful adherence to God's laws.

so he was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar
Moses' anger towards "Eleazar and Ithamar" reflects his concern for maintaining the holiness and order of the priestly duties. Eleazar and Ithamar, as Aaron's remaining sons, were responsible for carrying out the priestly functions after the death of their brothers, Nadab and Abihu. Moses' reaction underscores the gravity of their role and the expectation of strict compliance with God's commands. In a broader theological sense, this highlights the accountability of spiritual leaders and the importance of their example in guiding the community in faithfulness to God.

Aaron’s remaining sons
The phrase "Aaron’s remaining sons" emphasizes the continuity of the priestly line despite the tragic loss of Nadab and Abihu. Eleazar and Ithamar were now the bearers of the priestly mantle, tasked with upholding the sacred duties and responsibilities. This continuity is crucial in the biblical narrative, as it ensures the ongoing mediation between God and His people. The priesthood, established through Aaron's lineage, is a precursor to the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who intercedes on behalf of humanity.

and asked
The word "asked" signifies Moses' inquiry into the situation, seeking an explanation for the deviation from the prescribed ritual. This inquiry is not merely a question but a call to accountability and understanding. In the Hebrew context, asking questions was a method of teaching and ensuring comprehension of God's laws. Moses' questioning serves as a model for seeking clarity and truth, encouraging believers to engage deeply with God's Word and to seek understanding in their walk of faith.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, who is responsible for ensuring that God's commandments are followed. In this passage, he is checking on the fulfillment of the sacrificial duties.

2. Eleazar and Ithamar
The surviving sons of Aaron, who are serving as priests after the death of their brothers, Nadab and Abihu. They are responsible for carrying out the priestly duties, including the handling of the sin offering.

3. Sin Offering
A specific type of sacrifice commanded by God for atonement of sins. It is a critical part of the Levitical sacrificial system, symbolizing purification and reconciliation with God.

4. Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the divine presence among the Israelites. It is the central place of worship and sacrifice during the wilderness period.

5. Wilderness
The setting where the Israelites are journeying after their exodus from Egypt. It is a place of testing, instruction, and revelation from God.

Teaching Points

Holiness in Service
The passage underscores the importance of holiness and obedience in serving God. Priests were required to follow God's instructions precisely, reflecting the seriousness of their role.

Accountability in Leadership
Moses' inquiry into the handling of the sin offering highlights the need for accountability among leaders. Spiritual leaders must ensure that God's commands are followed faithfully.

The Seriousness of Sin
The sin offering represents the gravity of sin and the need for atonement. It reminds believers of the cost of sin and the necessity of seeking God's forgiveness.

God's Provision for Atonement
The sacrificial system, though temporary, points to God's provision for dealing with sin. It foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who provides eternal atonement.

Faithfulness in Worship
The passage calls believers to be faithful in their worship practices, ensuring that they align with God's instructions and honor His holiness.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the role of Eleazar and Ithamar in Leviticus 10:16 reflect the responsibilities of spiritual leaders today?

2. In what ways does the sin offering in Leviticus point to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, as discussed in the book of Hebrews?

3. What can we learn from Moses' actions about the importance of accountability in our personal and communal spiritual practices?

4. How does the concept of holiness in the priestly duties challenge us to pursue holiness in our daily lives?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to ensure that your actions aligned with God's instructions. What steps did you take to maintain faithfulness in that situation?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 6:24-30
Provides detailed instructions on the handling of the sin offering, emphasizing the holiness required in its consumption by the priests.

Numbers 18:8-10
Discusses the portions of offerings that are to be consumed by the priests, reinforcing the sacredness of their duties.

Hebrews 10:1-4
Reflects on the limitations of the Old Testament sacrifices, pointing to the ultimate fulfillment in Christ's sacrifice.