Title and Author: The book of Jude is named after its author, Jude, who identifies himself as "a servant of Jesus Christ and a brother of James" (Jude 1:1). This Jude is traditionally understood to be the half-brother of Jesus Christ, making him a significant figure in the early Christian community. His close familial relationship with Jesus and James lends authority to his message.

Historical Context: Jude was likely written in the latter half of the first century, possibly between AD 65 and 80. This period was marked by the spread of Christianity and the emergence of false teachings and heresies. The early church faced internal and external challenges, including persecution and doctrinal corruption.

Audience: Jude addresses his letter to "those who are called, loved by God the Father, and kept in Jesus Christ" (Jude 1:1). This indicates a general Christian audience, likely composed of Jewish and Gentile believers who were familiar with Jewish traditions and the Old Testament.

Purpose: The primary purpose of Jude's letter is to warn believers about false teachers who have infiltrated the church. Jude urges Christians to "contend earnestly for the faith" (Jude 1:3) and to remain steadfast in their beliefs amidst growing apostasy.

Genre and Style: Jude is an epistle, characterized by its direct and urgent tone. It employs vivid imagery and references to Jewish traditions and apocryphal texts.1. Jude (Jude 1:1)
- Jude, also known as Judas, is the author of the epistle. He identifies himself as a servant of Jesus Christ and a brother of James. Jude is traditionally understood to be one of the brothers of Jesus.

2. Jesus Christ (Jude 1:1)
- Jesus Christ is the central figure of Christianity, believed to be the Son of God and the Savior of humanity. Jude refers to himself as a servant of Jesus Christ.

3. James (Jude 1:1)
- James is mentioned as the brother of Jude. He is traditionally identified as James the Just, a leader in the early Christian church and another brother of Jesus.

4. Moses (Jude 1:9)
- Moses is a major prophet in the Old Testament, known for leading the Israelites out of Egypt and receiving the Ten Commandments. In Jude, there is a reference to a dispute over the body of Moses.

5. Michael the Archangel (Jude 1:9)
- Michael is an archangel in the Bible, known for his role as a protector and leader of the heavenly armies. In Jude, he is mentioned in the context of contending with the devil over the body of Moses.

6. Cain (Jude 1:11)
- Cain is the firstborn son of Adam and Eve, known for committing the first murder by killing his brother Abel. Jude references Cain as an example of wickedness.

7. Balaam (Jude 1:11)
- Balaam is a prophet in the Old Testament who is known for being hired to curse the Israelites but ultimately blessing them instead. Jude mentions Balaam as an example of someone led astray by greed.

8. Korah (Jude 1:11)
- Korah is a figure from the Old Testament who led a rebellion against Moses and Aaron. Jude uses Korah as an example of rebellion and divine judgment.

9. Enoch (Jude 1:14)
- Enoch is a patriarch from the Old Testament, known for his righteousness and being taken by God without dying. Jude cites a prophecy attributed to Enoch regarding the coming judgment.1. Egypt (Jude 1:5)
- Jude references the deliverance of the Israelites from Egypt, a significant event in biblical history. Egypt, located in northeastern Africa, was the place of bondage for the Israelites before their exodus under Moses' leadership. The verse states: "Although you are fully aware of this, I want to remind you that after Jesus had delivered His people out of the land of Egypt, He destroyed those who did not believe."

2. Sodom and Gomorrah (Jude 1:7)
- These cities are mentioned as examples of divine judgment due to their immorality and sinfulness. Sodom and Gomorrah were located in the region of the Dead Sea. The verse reads: "In like manner, Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, who indulged in sexual immorality and pursued strange flesh, are on display as an example of those who sustain the punishment of eternal fire."1. Introduction and Greeting (Jude 1:1-2):
Jude introduces himself as a servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James. He addresses the letter to those who are called, loved by God the Father, and kept for Jesus Christ, wishing them mercy, peace, and love in abundance.

2. Purpose of the Letter (Jude 1:3):
Jude explains that he initially intended to write about the shared salvation but felt compelled to urge the recipients to "contend earnestly for the faith that was once for all delivered to the saints."

3. Warning Against False Teachers (Jude 1:4):
Jude warns that certain individuals have secretly infiltrated the community, who are ungodly and pervert the grace of God into a license for immorality, denying Jesus Christ.

4. Examples of Judgment (Jude 1:5-7):
Jude reminds the readers of historical examples of God's judgment: the unbelieving Israelites in the wilderness, the fallen angels, and the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, which serve as warnings against immorality and rebellion.

5. Description of the False Teachers (Jude 1:8-13):
Jude describes the false teachers as dreamers who defile the flesh, reject authority, and slander celestial beings. He compares them to Cain, Balaam, and Korah, and uses vivid metaphors to illustrate their destructive nature.

6. The Archangel Michael and the Devil (Jude 1:9):
Jude recounts an incident where the archangel Michael disputed with the devil over the body of Moses, yet did not dare to bring a slanderous accusation but said, "The Lord rebuke you!"

7. Enoch's Prophecy (Jude 1:14-15):
Jude cites a prophecy from Enoch, the seventh from Adam, who foretold the Lord's coming with thousands of holy ones to execute judgment on the ungodly.

8. Exhortation to the Believers (Jude 1:17-23):
Jude urges the believers to remember the apostles' warnings about scoffers in the last times, to build themselves up in faith, pray in the Holy Spirit, keep themselves in God's love, and show mercy to those who doubt.

9. Doxology (Jude 1:24-25):
The letter concludes with a doxology, praising God who is able to keep the believers from stumbling and to present them blameless before His glorious presence with great joy, acknowledging His majesty, power, and authority through Jesus Christ.1. Contending for the Faith (Jude 1:3):
Jude urges believers to "contend earnestly for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints." This theme emphasizes the importance of defending the core truths of Christianity against false teachings and maintaining the integrity of the gospel message.

2. Warning Against False Teachers (Jude 1:4):
Jude warns about certain individuals who have "crept in unnoticed" and are distorting the grace of God. This theme highlights the danger posed by false teachers who lead believers astray with deceptive doctrines.

3. Judgment on the Ungodly (Jude 1:5-7):
Jude reminds readers of historical examples of God's judgment, such as the destruction of those who did not believe, the punishment of fallen angels, and the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. This theme underscores the certainty of divine judgment on those who reject God.

4. The Authority of Scripture and Apostolic Teaching (Jude 1:17):
Jude calls believers to remember the words spoken by the apostles of Jesus Christ. This theme stresses the importance of adhering to the teachings of the apostles as a safeguard against false doctrines.

5. The Importance of Spiritual Discernment (Jude 1:19):
Jude describes false teachers as those who "cause divisions, who are worldly and devoid of the Spirit." This theme highlights the need for spiritual discernment to recognize and avoid those who disrupt the unity and purity of the faith.

6. Building Up the Faith Community (Jude 1:20-21):
Jude encourages believers to "build yourselves up in your most holy faith and pray in the Holy Spirit." This theme emphasizes the importance of nurturing one's faith and maintaining a strong, supportive community of believers.

7. Mercy and Compassion (Jude 1:22-23):
Jude advises showing mercy to those who doubt and rescuing others from error. This theme highlights the role of compassion and mercy in dealing with those who are struggling in their faith or have been led astray.

8. God's Sovereignty and Protection (Jude 1:24-25):
Jude concludes with a doxology, praising God who is "able to keep you from stumbling and to present you blameless before the presence of His glory with great joy." This theme affirms God's power and faithfulness in preserving believers until the end.1. Jesus Christ, Our Lord (Jude 1:4)
- Description: Jude refers to Jesus as "our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ." This title emphasizes His authority and divinity, underscoring the belief that Jesus is the sovereign ruler and the ultimate authority over believers.

2. Jesus Christ, Our Savior (Jude 1:25)
- Description: In the doxology, Jude attributes salvation to "the only God our Savior through Jesus Christ our Lord." This highlights Jesus' role in the salvation of humanity, affirming that through Him, believers are saved and reconciled to God.

3. Jesus Christ, the One Who Keeps (Jude 1:1)
- Description: Jude opens his letter by addressing those "who are called, loved by God the Father, and kept in Jesus Christ." This title suggests Jesus' protective and sustaining role, ensuring the perseverance and security of believers in their faith.

4. Jesus Christ, the Coming Judge (Jude 1:14-15)
- Description: While not directly named, Jesus is implied as the coming judge in the prophecy of Enoch, which speaks of the Lord coming with His holy ones to execute judgment. This underscores His role in the final judgment, where He will hold all accountable.1. Prophecy of Warning Against False Teachers (Jude 1:4)
- Prophecy/Warning: "For certain men have crept in unnoticed—ungodly ones who were designated long ago for condemnation. They turn the grace of our God into a license for immorality, and they deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ."
- Implication: Jude warns that false teachers, who were predicted long ago, have infiltrated the church. This serves as a reminder of the ongoing struggle against false teachings.

2. Prophecy of Judgment on the Ungodly (Jude 1:14-15)
- Prophecy: "Enoch, the seventh from Adam, also prophesied about them: 'Behold, the Lord is coming with myriads of His holy ones to execute judgment on everyone, and to convict all the ungodly of every ungodly act of wickedness and every harsh word spoken against Him by ungodly sinners.'"
- Implication: This prophecy, attributed to Enoch, speaks of a future judgment on the ungodly. It emphasizes the certainty of divine justice.

3. Prophecy of Apostolic Warning of Scoffers (Jude 1:17-18)
- Prophecy/Warning: "But you, beloved, remember what was foretold by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ when they said to you, 'In the last times there will be scoffers who will follow after their own ungodly desires.'"
- Implication: Jude reminds his readers of the apostles' warnings about scoffers in the last days, indicating that such behavior was anticipated and serves as a sign of the times.

While the Book of Jude does not provide a detailed list of prophecies and their fulfillments, it does emphasize the importance of being vigilant against false teachings and remaining steadfast in faith, as these challenges were foreseen by early Christian leaders.

1. Opening Charge  ( 1:1⁠–⁠4 )

a. A Greeting from Jude  ( 1:1⁠–⁠2 )

b. Contend Earnestly for the Faith  ( 1:3⁠–⁠4 )

2. God’s Judgment on the Ungodly  ( 1:5⁠–⁠16 )

a. Historic Judgements  ( 1:5⁠–⁠7 )

i. After the Exodus  ( 1:5 )

ii. Angels Who Fell  ( 1:6 )

iii. Sodom and Gomorrah  ( 1:7 )

b. The Ungodly of Jude’s Day  ( 1:8⁠–⁠16 )

i. Judgement for Slanderous Speech  ( 1:8⁠–⁠11 )

ii. Description of the Ungodly  ( 1:12⁠–⁠13 )

iii. Enoch’s Prophecy  ( 1:14⁠–⁠16 )

3. A Call to Persevere  ( 1:17⁠–⁠23 )

4. Doxology  ( 1:24⁠–⁠25 )