Joshua 22:27

Rather, let it be a witness between us and you and the generations to come, that we will worship the LORD in His presence with our burnt offerings, sacrifices, and peace offerings.' Then in the future, your descendants cannot say to ours, 'You have no share in the LORD!'

Study Bible

but as a witness
The term "witness" in Hebrew is "עֵד" (ed), which signifies a testimony or evidence. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a witness was crucial for establishing truth and maintaining covenantal relationships. Here, the altar serves as a tangible reminder of the unity and shared faith between the tribes, transcending geographical boundaries. It underscores the importance of visible symbols in maintaining spiritual truths and communal bonds.

between us and you
This phrase emphasizes the relational aspect of the covenant. The tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh are affirming their connection with the other tribes of Israel. The use of "between" highlights the mutual recognition and accountability that exists within the covenant community. It reflects the biblical principle that faith is not just personal but communal, involving shared beliefs and responsibilities.

and the generations to come
The Hebrew phrase here points to the continuity of faith across time. The concern is not only for the present generation but also for future descendants. This reflects the biblical emphasis on the transmission of faith and the importance of teaching the next generation about God's covenant and His mighty works. It is a call to ensure that the knowledge of God and His commandments are preserved and passed down.

so that we may perform the service of the LORD
The "service of the LORD" refers to the worship and sacrificial system established by God. The Hebrew word for "service" is "עֲבוֹדָה" (avodah), which encompasses worship, labor, and service. This highlights the holistic nature of worship in Israel, where serving God involved both ritual acts and daily obedience. It underscores the privilege and responsibility of serving God according to His prescribed ways.

in His presence
The phrase "in His presence" signifies the centrality of God's presence in worship. In the Hebrew context, God's presence was associated with the tabernacle and later the temple, where His glory dwelt. This underscores the belief that true worship occurs where God is present, and it is His presence that sanctifies and validates the worship offered.

with our burnt offerings, sacrifices, and peace offerings
These offerings represent different aspects of Israel's sacrificial system. The "burnt offering" (עֹלָה, olah) was a symbol of complete dedication to God. "Sacrifices" (זֶבַח, zevach) often referred to offerings that included a communal meal, symbolizing fellowship with God. "Peace offerings" (שֶׁלֶם, shelem) were expressions of thanksgiving and communion. Together, they illustrate the multifaceted nature of worship, involving atonement, fellowship, and gratitude.

Then in the future
This phrase looks forward, emphasizing foresight and planning in spiritual matters. It reflects a proactive approach to faith, ensuring that future challenges to unity and faithfulness are addressed. It is a reminder of the importance of preparing for future spiritual needs and potential conflicts.

your descendants cannot say to ours
This anticipates potential disputes and misunderstandings between future generations. It highlights the importance of clear communication and established symbols to prevent division. It is a call to safeguard unity and understanding within the faith community, recognizing that assumptions and forgetfulness can lead to conflict.

‘You have no share in the LORD.’
This statement addresses the fear of exclusion from the covenant community. In the Hebrew context, having a "share" (חֵלֶק, chelek) in the LORD meant being part of His people and receiving His promises. This phrase underscores the importance of inclusion and the assurance of belonging to God's covenant people. It is a powerful reminder of the unity and equality of all believers in the eyes of God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Eastern Tribes (Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh)
These tribes settled on the east side of the Jordan River and built an altar as a witness.

2. The Altar of Witness
Constructed by the Eastern tribes as a symbol of unity and shared faith with the rest of Israel, not for sacrifices but as a testimony.

3. Phinehas, son of Eleazar the priest
Sent by the Israelites to confront the Eastern tribes, ensuring their actions were not rebellious against God.

4. The Land of Canaan
The primary land of the Israelites, west of the Jordan River, where the rest of the tribes resided.

5. The Jordan River
A geographical and symbolic boundary between the Eastern tribes and the rest of Israel.

Teaching Points

Unity in Faith
The altar served as a reminder of the unity among the tribes despite geographical separation. Christians today should strive for unity in faith, transcending denominational and cultural boundaries.

Witness to Future Generations
The altar was a testimony for future generations. Believers are called to live in such a way that their faith is evident and instructive to those who come after them.

Avoiding Misunderstandings
The initial conflict arose from a misunderstanding. Christians should seek clarity and understanding in their communications to prevent unnecessary conflicts.

Symbolic Acts of Faith
The altar was a symbolic act to demonstrate faithfulness to God. Believers can use symbols, such as baptism and communion, to express and reinforce their faith.

Guarding Against Idolatry
The concern over the altar was rooted in a fear of idolatry. Christians must remain vigilant against modern forms of idolatry, ensuring their worship remains pure and directed to God alone.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the construction of the altar by the Eastern tribes reflect their commitment to God, and how can we demonstrate our commitment in similar ways today?

2. In what ways can misunderstandings among believers lead to conflict, and how can we apply biblical principles to resolve them?

3. How does the concept of a "witness" in Joshua 22:27 relate to the role of Christians as witnesses to the world today?

4. What are some modern "altars" or symbols in your life that serve as reminders of your faith and commitment to God?

5. How can the unity of the tribes of Israel, despite their geographical separation, inspire unity among Christians across different cultures and denominations today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 12
Discusses the centralization of worship and the importance of worshiping God in the designated place, which relates to the concern over the altar built by the Eastern tribes.

Exodus 20
The Ten Commandments, particularly the command against idolatry, which underpins the concern of the Israelites regarding the altar.

Hebrews 10
Speaks of the new covenant and the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, which can be seen as a fulfillment of the sacrificial system the altar was meant to witness.