Joshua 22:28

Therefore we said, 'If they ever say this to us or to our descendants, we will answer: Look at the replica of the altar of the LORD that our fathers made, not for burnt offerings or sacrifices, but as a witness between us and you.'

Study Bible

Therefore we said
This phrase indicates a decision or conclusion reached after careful consideration. In the Hebrew context, the word often translated as "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) implies a declaration or proclamation. The tribes east of the Jordan are making a definitive statement to clarify their intentions. This reflects the importance of communication and the need to articulate one's intentions clearly to avoid misunderstandings, a principle that resonates throughout Scripture.

If they ever say this to us or to our descendants
The phrase anticipates future generations and potential accusations or misunderstandings. The Hebrew culture placed significant emphasis on lineage and heritage, understanding that actions taken by one generation could impact those that follow. This foresight underscores the importance of establishing a legacy of faithfulness and clear testimony for future generations, a theme echoed in Deuteronomy 6:6-7, where the Israelites are instructed to teach God's commandments to their children.

we will answer
The readiness to provide an answer reflects a proactive approach to potential conflict. In 1 Peter 3:15, believers are encouraged to always be prepared to give an answer for their hope. This mirrors the Israelites' preparedness to defend their actions and intentions, emphasizing the importance of being equipped with truth and understanding to address challenges to one's faith or actions.

Look at the replica of the LORD’s altar
The word "replica" suggests a copy or model, not the original. The Hebrew term used here can imply a pattern or likeness. The altar was not intended for sacrifices but as a symbol. This distinction is crucial, as it highlights the importance of symbols in worship and community identity. The altar served as a tangible reminder of their shared faith and covenant with God, much like the memorial stones set up in Joshua 4:7.

that our fathers made
This phrase connects the current generation with their ancestors, emphasizing continuity and respect for tradition. The actions of the "fathers" or ancestors were foundational, and their intentions were to be honored and remembered. This reflects the biblical principle of honoring one's heritage and the faith of previous generations, as seen in passages like Hebrews 11, which recounts the faith of the patriarchs.

not for burnt offerings or sacrifices
This clarification is crucial, as it distinguishes the altar's purpose from the central altar at the Tabernacle, where sacrifices were to be made. The Hebrew sacrificial system was specific about where and how offerings were to be presented (Deuteronomy 12:13-14). By stating this, the tribes affirm their adherence to God's law and the central place of worship, avoiding idolatry or unauthorized worship practices.

but as a witness between us and you
The altar served as a "witness," a term that in Hebrew (עֵד, 'ed) implies testimony or evidence. It was a physical testament to the unity and shared faith of the tribes on both sides of the Jordan. This concept of a witness is significant in biblical law and narrative, where witnesses establish truth and confirm covenants (Deuteronomy 19:15). The altar as a witness underscores the importance of visible, tangible reminders of spiritual truths and communal bonds.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Eastern Tribes (Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh)
These tribes settled on the east side of the Jordan River and built an altar as a witness.

2. The Altar
A replica of the LORD’s altar, constructed not for sacrifices but as a symbol of unity and witness between the tribes on both sides of the Jordan.

3. The Jordan River
A significant geographical boundary that separated the eastern tribes from the rest of Israel, leading to potential misunderstandings.

4. Phinehas, son of Eleazar the priest
Sent by the Israelites to investigate the intentions behind the altar, representing the concern for maintaining covenant faithfulness.

5. The Assembly of Israel
The collective body of the remaining tribes who were initially concerned that the altar signified rebellion against God.

Teaching Points

Unity in Diversity
The altar served as a reminder that physical separation should not lead to spiritual division. In the body of Christ, we must strive for unity despite differences.

Symbolic Reminders
Just as the altar was a witness, Christians can use symbols like the cross to remind us of our shared faith and commitment to God.

Communication and Understanding
The initial misunderstanding about the altar highlights the importance of clear communication and seeking understanding before jumping to conclusions.

Faithfulness to God’s Commands
The tribes’ concern for faithfulness to God’s commands reflects the importance of adhering to biblical principles in our lives.

Witness to Future Generations
The altar was intended as a witness to future generations, reminding us of the importance of passing down our faith and values.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the construction of the altar by the eastern tribes reflect their commitment to unity with the rest of Israel, and how can we apply this principle in our church communities today?

2. In what ways can misunderstandings among believers be resolved through communication, as seen in the resolution of the altar dispute?

3. How does the concept of a "witness" in Joshua 22:28 relate to our role as witnesses for Christ in the world?

4. What are some modern "altars" or symbols that serve as reminders of our faith and unity in Christ?

5. How can we ensure that our actions today serve as a positive witness to future generations, as the altar was intended to be for the descendants of the tribes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 12
Discusses the centralization of worship and the prohibition against setting up unauthorized altars, which is the backdrop for the concern in Joshua 22.

Numbers 32
Details the agreement allowing the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh to settle east of the Jordan, setting the stage for their need to affirm unity with the rest of Israel.

Ephesians 2
Speaks of the unity of believers in Christ, breaking down dividing walls, which parallels the desire for unity among the tribes of Israel.