John 16:21

A woman has pain in childbirth because her time has come; but when she brings forth her child, she forgets her anguish because of her joy that a child has been born into the world.

Study Bible

A woman has pain in childbirth
The phrase "a woman has pain in childbirth" draws from the Greek word "λύπη" (lypē), which signifies sorrow or pain. This imagery is deeply rooted in the Genesis account, where childbirth pain is part of the curse following the Fall (Genesis 3:16). Historically, childbirth has been a perilous and painful process, symbolizing the trials and tribulations faced in life. In a broader spiritual context, this pain can be seen as the suffering and struggles believers endure in the world, awaiting the fulfillment of God's promises.

because her time has come
The phrase "because her time has come" uses the Greek "ὥρα" (hōra), meaning hour or time. This indicates a divinely appointed moment, much like the "hour" of Jesus' own suffering and glorification. It suggests that there is a purpose and a season for every trial, ordained by God. Theologically, it reassures believers that their sufferings are not random but are part of God's sovereign plan.

but when she brings forth her child
The transition "but when she brings forth her child" introduces a shift from pain to joy. The Greek "γεννήσῃ" (gennēsē) means to give birth, emphasizing the culmination of the labor process. This reflects the biblical theme of redemption and new beginnings, where suffering leads to the birth of something new and glorious. It is a metaphor for the resurrection and the new life believers have in Christ.

she forgets her anguish
The phrase "she forgets her anguish" uses the Greek "μνημονεύει" (mnēmoneuei), meaning to remember or recall. The forgetting here is not literal but signifies the overwhelming joy that overshadows past pain. This mirrors the Christian hope that the glory to come will far outweigh present sufferings (Romans 8:18). It is a promise of divine comfort and restoration.

because of her joy
"Because of her joy" highlights the Greek "χαρά" (chara), meaning joy or gladness. This joy is profound and transformative, rooted in the fulfillment of God's promises. It is a foretaste of the eternal joy believers will experience in God's presence. Theologically, it underscores the Christian belief in joy as a fruit of the Spirit, transcending circumstances.

that a man is born into the world
Finally, "that a man is born into the world" uses the Greek "ἄνθρωπος" (anthrōpos), meaning human or man. This birth signifies the arrival of new life and hope. In a Christological sense, it echoes the incarnation of Christ, the ultimate "man" born into the world to bring salvation. It serves as a reminder of the new creation believers become in Christ, symbolizing the hope and renewal available through Him.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The speaker of this verse, providing comfort and teaching to His disciples about the coming trials and the joy that will follow.

2. Disciples
The immediate audience of Jesus' teaching, who are being prepared for the sorrow of His crucifixion and the subsequent joy of His resurrection.

3. Childbirth
Used as a metaphor for the pain and subsequent joy that the disciples will experience, symbolizing the transition from sorrow to joy.

Teaching Points

Understanding Suffering and Joy
Just as childbirth involves pain followed by joy, Christians can expect that their current sufferings will lead to future joy. This perspective helps believers endure trials with hope.

The Role of Pain in Spiritual Growth
Pain and suffering can be transformative, leading to spiritual maturity and deeper faith. Believers are encouraged to view their trials as opportunities for growth.

Joy in the Resurrection
The ultimate joy for Christians is found in the resurrection of Jesus Christ, which assures them of victory over sin and death. This joy is a source of strength and hope in times of trouble.

The Temporary Nature of Suffering
Just as a mother's pain in childbirth is temporary, so too are the sufferings of this world. Believers are reminded to focus on the eternal joy that awaits them.

Encouragement in Community
Just as a mother shares her joy with others when a child is born, Christians are encouraged to share their joys and burdens within the community of faith, supporting one another through trials.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the metaphor of childbirth in John 16:21 help us understand the relationship between suffering and joy in the Christian life?

2. In what ways can the promise of future joy help us endure present trials, according to the teachings of Jesus in this passage?

3. How can we apply the principle of temporary suffering leading to eternal joy in our daily lives and decision-making?

4. What are some practical ways we can support one another in our Christian communities during times of trial, as suggested by the metaphor of childbirth?

5. How do other scriptures, such as Romans 8:22-23 and Psalm 30:5, reinforce the message of John 16:21 about the transition from sorrow to joy?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 66:7-14
This passage also uses the metaphor of childbirth to describe the sudden joy and restoration that God will bring to His people.

Romans 8:22-23
Paul uses the imagery of childbirth to describe the groaning of creation and the anticipation of future glory.

Psalm 30:5
This verse speaks to the temporary nature of weeping and the joy that comes in the morning, paralleling the transition from sorrow to joy in John 16:21.