John 13:3

Jesus knew that the Father had delivered all things into His hands, and that He had come from God and was returning to God.

Study Bible

Jesus knew
The Greek word for "knew" is "εἰδώς" (eidōs), which implies a deep, intuitive knowledge. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but is rooted in divine insight and understanding. Jesus' awareness of His identity and mission is central to His actions and teachings. This knowledge underscores His divine nature and His intimate relationship with the Father, providing a model for believers to seek a deeper understanding of their own identity in Christ.

the Father
The term "Father" here is "πατήρ" (patēr) in Greek, emphasizing the intimate and personal relationship between Jesus and God. This relationship is foundational to Christian theology, highlighting the Trinitarian nature of God. The Father’s role in the divine plan is one of authority and love, and Jesus’ acknowledgment of the Father’s will is a testament to His obedience and submission, which serves as an example for believers to follow.

had delivered
The phrase "had delivered" comes from the Greek "δέδωκεν" (dedōken), meaning to give or to entrust. This indicates a transfer of authority and responsibility. The Father’s act of delivering all things into Jesus’ hands signifies the trust and authority bestowed upon Him. It reflects the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah’s dominion and points to Jesus’ sovereignty over all creation.

all things
In Greek, "πάντα" (panta) means all-encompassing, leaving nothing outside of Jesus’ authority. This phrase emphasizes the totality of Jesus’ dominion, which includes both the physical and spiritual realms. It reassures believers of Christ’s supreme power and control over every aspect of life, encouraging them to trust in His sovereign plan.

into His hands
The phrase "into His hands" signifies possession and control. In biblical symbolism, hands often represent power and action. This imagery conveys the idea that Jesus has been given full authority to act according to the Father’s will. It reassures believers of Jesus’ capability to handle all matters concerning their lives and the world.

and that He had come from God
The phrase "had come from God" highlights Jesus’ divine origin. The Greek "ἐξῆλθεν" (exēlthen) means to come forth or proceed from. This affirms the pre-existence of Christ and His incarnation, a core tenet of Christian faith. It underscores the truth that Jesus is not merely a prophet or teacher but God incarnate, sent with a divine purpose.

and was returning to God
The phrase "was returning to God" speaks of Jesus’ ascension and the completion of His earthly mission. The Greek "ὑπάγει" (hypagei) implies a purposeful departure. This return signifies the successful fulfillment of His redemptive work and His exaltation at the right hand of the Father. It offers hope to believers of their own future resurrection and eternal life with God, as Jesus’ return to the Father assures them of their own heavenly homecoming.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus
The central figure in this passage, Jesus is aware of His divine authority and mission. This knowledge sets the stage for His act of humility in washing the disciples' feet.

2. The Father
God the Father, who has entrusted all things to Jesus, highlighting the divine relationship and authority Jesus possesses.

3. The Disciples
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, they are the recipients of Jesus' forthcoming act of service, which is informed by His understanding of His divine mission.

4. The Upper Room
The setting for the Last Supper, where Jesus shares His final teachings and performs the act of foot washing.

5. The Event of Foot Washing
This act follows the verse and is a demonstration of servant leadership, rooted in Jesus' understanding of His identity and mission.

Teaching Points

Understanding Divine Authority
Recognize that Jesus' awareness of His divine authority did not lead to pride but to humble service. As believers, understanding our identity in Christ should lead us to serve others.

The Model of Servant Leadership
Jesus' knowledge of His mission and authority empowered Him to serve. We are called to lead by serving, following His example.

Confidence in God's Plan
Jesus' assurance of His origin and destiny in God provides a model for trusting God's plan for our lives, even when it involves humility and sacrifice.

Identity and Mission
Knowing who we are in Christ and our purpose can guide our actions and interactions with others, just as it did for Jesus.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jesus' awareness of His divine authority and mission influence His actions in John 13:3, and how can this understanding impact our daily lives?

2. In what ways does the concept of servant leadership, as demonstrated by Jesus, challenge our current understanding of leadership in the church and society?

3. How can we cultivate a deeper trust in God's plan for our lives, as Jesus demonstrated by knowing He was returning to God?

4. What practical steps can we take to ensure our identity in Christ leads us to serve others, rather than seeking personal gain or recognition?

5. How do the themes of authority and humility in John 13:3 connect with other scriptures, and what do they teach us about living a Christ-centered life?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Philippians 2:5-11
This passage speaks of Jesus' humility and obedience, paralleling His awareness of divine authority and His choice to serve.

Hebrews 2:8
This verse discusses all things being subjected to Jesus, reinforcing the authority mentioned in John 13:3.

John 1:1-14
These verses establish Jesus' divine origin and mission, echoing the themes of coming from and returning to God.

Matthew 28:18
Jesus declares that all authority in heaven and on earth has been given to Him, aligning with the authority mentioned in John 13:3.