Jeremiah 48:38
On all the rooftops of Moab and in the public squares, everyone is mourning; for I have shattered Moab like an unwanted jar," declares the LORD.
On all the rooftops of Moab and in the public squares,

Moab’s grief would be visible throughout its cities. Flat rooftops, normally used for household activity and gathering, became places of lamentation, while public squares filled with the same sorrow. No part of the nation remained untouched by the invading judgment.

Isa 15:3 In its streets they wear sackcloth; on the rooftops…
Amo 5:16 Therefore this is what the LORD, the God of Hosts…
Isa 16:7 Therefore let Moab wail; let them wail together for Moab.…

everyone is mourning;

The people mourned for ruined cities, slain families, lost security, and the collapse of their national strength. Moab’s pride, long condemned by the prophets, could not shield it from the Lord’s decree. The nation that had exalted itself would be brought low in public humiliation.

Zec 12:12-14 The land will mourn, each clan on its own:…
Jol 1:8-13 Wail like a virgin dressed in sackcloth,…
Rev 18:9-11 Then the kings of the earth will weep and wail…

for I have shattered Moab like an unwanted jar,”

The LORD portrays Moab as a vessel broken beyond repair and discarded because no one desires it. Jeremiah elsewhere used broken pottery to illustrate the certainty and finality of divine judgment. Moab’s destruction was not merely the result of military power but the execution of God’s righteous sentence against its arrogance, idolatry, and hostility toward His people.

Jer 19:10-11 Then you are to shatter the jar in the presence of the men…
Isa 30:14 It will break in pieces like a potter’s jar…
Psa 2:9 You will break them with an iron scepter;…

declares the LORD.

The judgment came with the authority of the covenant God, who rules over Israel and every surrounding nation. Moab’s fall demonstrated that no people, however secure or proud, can escape the hand of the LORD.

Jer 23:24 Can a man hide in secret places where I cannot see him?…
Jer 23:29 “Is not My word like fire,” declares the LORD,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moab
An ancient kingdom located east of the Dead Sea, often in conflict with Israel. Moab is the primary subject of God's judgment in this passage.

2. Jeremiah
A prophet of God who delivered messages of judgment and hope to the nations, including Moab. He is the author of the book bearing his name.

3. The LORD
The covenant name of God, Yahweh, who declares judgment upon Moab for their pride and idolatry.

4. Housetops and Public Squares
These locations symbolize the public and communal nature of the mourning in Moab, indicating widespread devastation.

5. The Shattered Jar
A metaphor used by God to describe the complete destruction and worthlessness of Moab after His judgment.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of Pride
Moab's downfall serves as a warning against pride and self-reliance. God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.

God's Sovereignty in Judgment
The passage underscores God's authority over nations. He raises them up and brings them down according to His will.

Public and Personal Repentance
The mourning on housetops and public squares suggests the need for both personal and communal repentance in the face of sin.

The Fragility of Human Security
Like a jar that can be easily shattered, human security is fragile without God. True security is found in Him alone.

Hope Beyond Judgment
While the passage focuses on judgment, it also points to the hope of restoration for those who turn back to God.
Bible Study Questions
1. What does the imagery of a "shattered jar" teach us about the nature of God's judgment on Moab, and how can this apply to our understanding of divine justice today?

2. How does the public mourning in Moab challenge us to consider the communal aspects of sin and repentance in our own communities?

3. In what ways does the pride of Moab reflect attitudes we might see in our own lives or society, and how can we guard against such pride?

4. How does the sovereignty of God, as demonstrated in His judgment of Moab, provide comfort and assurance in the face of global or personal uncertainties?

5. Reflecting on the broader biblical account, how can we find hope and restoration after experiencing God's discipline or judgment in our lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Isaiah 15-16
These chapters also prophesy the destruction of Moab, providing a parallel account of Moab's downfall and the reasons behind it.

Jeremiah 19:10-11
Jeremiah uses the imagery of a shattered jar to symbolize the destruction of Jerusalem, similar to the imagery used for Moab.

Lamentations 2:11
This verse describes mourning and lamentation, akin to the mourning in Moab, highlighting the emotional response to God's judgment.

Psalm 2:9
The imagery of breaking with a rod of iron connects to the idea of God shattering nations like pottery, emphasizing His sovereign power.
The Broken VesselD. Young Jeremiah 48:38
People
Chemosh, Gamul, Jeremiah, Sihon, Zoar
Places
Arnon, Aroer, Beth-diblathaim, Bethel, Beth-gamul, Beth-meon, Bozrah, Dibon, Elealeh, Heshbon, Holon, Horonaim, Jahaz, Jahzah, Jazer, Kerioth, Kir-hareseth, Kiriathaim, Luhith, Madmen, Mephaath, Moab, Nebo, Nimrim, Sea of Jazer, Sibmah, Zoar
Topics
Affirmation, Broad, Broad-places, Broken, Cares, Declares, Delighteth, Delights, Everywhere, Generally, Housetops, House-tops, Jar, Lamentation, Moab, Mourning, None, Nothing, Places, Pleasure, Public, Roofs, Says, Squares, Streets, Thereof, Undesirable, Vessel, Wants, Weeping, Wherein, Wholly
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Jeremiah 48:38

     5506   roof

Jeremiah 48:38-39

     5801   brokenness

Library
August 8. "Be Like the Dove" (Jer. Xlviii. 28).
"Be like the dove" (Jer. xlviii. 28). Harmless as a dove, is Christ's interpretation of the beautiful emblem. And so the Spirit of God is purity itself. He cannot dwell in an unclean heart. He cannot abide in the natural mind. It was said of the anointing of old, "On man's flesh it shall not be poured." The purity which the Holy Spirit brings is like the white and spotless little plant which grows up out of the heap of manure, or the black soil, without one grain of impurity adhering to its crystalline
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

How those are to be Admonished who Decline the Office of Preaching Out of Too Great Humility, and those who Seize on it with Precipitate Haste.
(Admonition 26.) Differently to be admonished are those who, though able to preach worthily, are afraid by reason of excessive humility, and those whom imperfection or age forbids to preach, and yet precipitancy impells. For those who, though able to preach with profit, still shrink back through excessive humility are to be admonished to gather from consideration of a lesser matter how faulty they are in a greater one. For, if they were to hide from their indigent neighbours money which they possessed
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Balaam's Prophecy. (Numb. xxiv. 17-19. )
Carried by the Spirit into the far distant future, Balaam sees here how a star goeth out of Jacob and a sceptre riseth out of Israel, and how this sceptre smiteth Moab, by whose enmity the Seer had been brought from a distant region for the destruction of Israel. And not Moab only shall be smitten, but its southern neighbour, Edom, too shall be subdued, whose hatred against Israel had already been prefigured in its ancestor, and had now begun to display Itself; and In general, all the enemies of
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Meditations for the Sick.
Whilst thy sickness remains, use often, for thy comfort, these few meditations, taken from the ends wherefore God sendeth afflictions to his children. Those are ten. 1. That by afflictions God may not only correct our sins past, but also work in us a deeper loathing of our natural corruptions, and so prevent us from falling into many other sins, which otherwise we would commit; like a good father, who suffers his tender babe to scorch his finger in a candle, that he may the rather learn to beware
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Section Chap. I. -iii.
The question which here above all engages our attention, and requires to be answered, is this: Whether that which is reported in these chapters did, or did not, actually and outwardly take place. The history of the inquiries connected with this question is found most fully in Marckius's "Diatribe de uxore fornicationum," Leyden, 1696, reprinted in the Commentary on the Minor Prophets by the same author. The various views may be divided into three classes. 1. It is maintained by very many interpreters,
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Prophet Joel.
PRELIMINARY REMARKS. The position which has been assigned to Joel in the collection of the Minor Prophets, furnishes an external argument for the determination of the time at which Joel wrote. There cannot be any doubt that the Collectors were guided by a consideration of the chronology. The circumstance, that they placed the prophecies of Joel just between the two prophets who, according to the inscriptions and contents of their prophecies, belonged to the time of Jeroboam and Uzziah, is
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Jeremiah
The interest of the book of Jeremiah is unique. On the one hand, it is our most reliable and elaborate source for the long period of history which it covers; on the other, it presents us with prophecy in its most intensely human phase, manifesting itself through a strangely attractive personality that was subject to like doubts and passions with ourselves. At his call, in 626 B.C., he was young and inexperienced, i. 6, so that he cannot have been born earlier than 650. The political and religious
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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