Exodus 4:22

Then tell Pharaoh that this is what the LORD says: 'Israel is My firstborn son,

Study Bible

Then tell Pharaoh
This phrase marks a direct command from God to Moses, emphasizing the divine authority behind the message. The Hebrew word for "tell" is "אָמַר" (amar), which implies not just speaking but declaring with authority. Moses is to act as God's mouthpiece, confronting the most powerful ruler of the time. Historically, Pharaohs were considered gods in their own right, making this command a bold assertion of the true God's supremacy.

that this is what the LORD says
The phrase underscores the prophetic nature of Moses' mission. "LORD" here is the tetragrammaton "יהוה" (YHWH), the covenant name of God, signifying His eternal, self-existent nature. This is not merely a human message but a divine proclamation. The use of "says" (Hebrew "אָמַר") again reinforces the authority and certainty of God's word, a theme that runs throughout the prophetic literature.

Israel is My firstborn son
This declaration is profound both theologically and historically. The term "firstborn" (Hebrew "בְּכוֹר" - bekhor) carries significant weight in ancient Near Eastern culture, denoting preeminence, inheritance rights, and special favor. By calling Israel His "firstborn son," God is establishing a unique relationship with the nation, one of intimacy and privilege. This is the first time in Scripture that Israel is referred to in such familial terms, highlighting God's covenantal love and the nation's chosen status. Historically, this would have been a radical statement, as it places a group of enslaved people in a position of honor above all other nations. This phrase also foreshadows the New Testament revelation of believers as children of God through Christ, the ultimate Firstborn over all creation (Colossians 1:15).

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The chosen leader of the Israelites, tasked by God to deliver His message to Pharaoh and lead His people out of Egypt.

2. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt, representing opposition to God's will and the enslavement of the Israelites.

3. Israel
Referred to as God's "firstborn son," symbolizing a special relationship and covenant with God.

4. The LORD (Yahweh)
The God of Israel, who reveals His authority and plans to Moses, emphasizing His covenantal relationship with Israel.

5. Egypt
The land of bondage for the Israelites, representing a place of oppression and a backdrop for God's deliverance.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty and Authority
Recognize that God has the ultimate authority over nations and rulers, as demonstrated by His command to Pharaoh through Moses.

Covenantal Relationship
Understand the significance of Israel being called God's "firstborn son," which implies a special status and responsibility in God's plan.

Deliverance and Redemption
Reflect on how God's deliverance of Israel from Egypt foreshadows the greater deliverance through Christ.

Identity and Purpose
As believers, consider how our identity as God's children shapes our purpose and mission in the world.

Obedience to God's Call
Learn from Moses' example of obedience, despite his initial reluctance, and apply it to our own lives when God calls us to act.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does it mean for Israel to be called God's "firstborn son," and how does this identity affect their relationship with God?

2. How does the concept of God’s sovereignty in Exodus 4:22 challenge or encourage you in your current circumstances?

3. In what ways does the deliverance of Israel from Egypt parallel the deliverance offered through Jesus Christ?

4. How can understanding our identity as God's children influence our daily decisions and interactions with others?

5. What lessons can we learn from Moses' obedience to God's call, and how can we apply these lessons in our own lives when faced with difficult tasks?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 12:1-3
God's covenant with Abraham, promising to make his descendants a great nation, which is fulfilled through Israel.

Hosea 11:1
God refers to Israel as His son, whom He called out of Egypt, highlighting the theme of deliverance and relationship.

Romans 9:4-5
Paul speaks of the Israelites' adoption as sons, the covenants, and the promises, connecting the Old Testament identity of Israel to the New Testament understanding.

Matthew 2:15
The Gospel writer applies Hosea's prophecy to Jesus, drawing a parallel between Israel's exodus and Jesus' return from Egypt.