Daniel 11:25

And with a large army he will stir up his power and his courage against the king of the South, who will mobilize a very large and powerful army but will not withstand the plots devised against him.

Study Bible

With a great army
The phrase "with a great army" indicates the magnitude and preparedness of the forces involved. In the Hebrew text, the word for "army" is "חַיִל" (chayil), which can also mean strength, wealth, or valor. This suggests not only a large number of troops but also a well-equipped and formidable force. Historically, this reflects the military campaigns of the Seleucid Empire, which often mobilized vast resources for their conquests. Theologically, it underscores the futility of relying solely on human strength without divine guidance.

he will stir up his strength and courage
The phrase "he will stir up his strength and courage" speaks to the deliberate and intentional preparation for battle. The Hebrew word for "stir up" is "עוּר" (ur), meaning to awaken or incite. This implies a conscious effort to muster not just physical might but also the resolve and bravery necessary for warfare. In a spiritual sense, it reminds believers of the need to awaken their own spiritual strength and courage through faith and reliance on God.

against the king of the South
"Against the king of the South" refers to the opposition between the northern and southern kingdoms, historically the Seleucid Empire (North) and the Ptolemaic Kingdom (South). The "king of the South" is often identified with the rulers of Egypt. This geopolitical struggle is emblematic of the broader conflict between worldly powers. It serves as a reminder of the transient nature of earthly kingdoms compared to the eternal kingdom of God.

The king of the South will wage war
This phrase highlights the active engagement in conflict by the king of the South. The Hebrew verb "לַחֲמוֹ" (lachamo) means to fight or wage war, indicating a proactive stance in the face of aggression. Historically, this reflects the Ptolemaic attempts to defend their territory. Spiritually, it can be seen as a metaphor for the believer's struggle against spiritual adversaries, emphasizing the need for vigilance and readiness.

with a large and very powerful army
The repetition of the description "large and very powerful army" emphasizes the formidable nature of the forces involved. The Hebrew words "רַב" (rav) and "עָצוּם" (atzum) convey the idea of abundance and might. This serves to highlight the scale of the conflict and the human tendency to trust in numbers and strength. It is a cautionary reminder that true victory comes from God, not from human power.

but he will not stand
The phrase "but he will not stand" indicates the ultimate failure of the king of the South despite his military might. The Hebrew word "עָמַד" (amad) means to stand or endure, suggesting that his efforts will be in vain. This reflects the biblical theme that human plans often fail without divine support. It serves as a reminder of the sovereignty of God over the affairs of nations.

because of the plots devised against him
Finally, "because of the plots devised against him" reveals the internal treachery and betrayal that contribute to the king's downfall. The Hebrew word "מַחֲשָׁבוֹת" (machashavot) means thoughts or plans, indicating deliberate schemes. Historically, this could refer to political intrigue and alliances that undermined the Ptolemaic rule. Spiritually, it warns of the dangers of deceit and the importance of integrity and trust in God's providence.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The King of the North
This figure is often interpreted as a ruler from the Seleucid Empire, historically associated with the region north of Israel. In the context of Daniel 11, this king is a central figure in the conflicts described.

2. The King of the South
Typically identified with the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt, the king of the South represents the southern power in the geopolitical struggles of the Hellenistic period.

3. Large Army
Both the king of the North and the king of the South muster significant military forces, indicating the scale and intensity of the conflict.

4. Plots and Betrayal
The downfall of the king of the South is attributed to internal plots and betrayal, highlighting the theme of political intrigue.

5. Historical Context
The events described are often linked to the historical conflicts between the Seleucid and Ptolemaic empires, particularly during the Hellenistic period following the division of Alexander the Great's empire.

Teaching Points

The Uncertainty of Earthly Power
Earthly power and military might are ultimately unstable and subject to the sovereignty of God. Believers should place their trust in God's eternal kingdom rather than temporal authorities.

The Consequences of Betrayal
Betrayal and internal strife can lead to downfall and destruction. Christians are called to live in integrity and unity, avoiding the divisive plots that characterize worldly politics.

God's Sovereignty in History
The events in Daniel 11 remind us that God is in control of history. Even when nations rise and fall, God's purposes will prevail. This assurance should encourage believers to remain faithful amidst global uncertainties.

Spiritual Warfare and Vigilance
Just as physical battles occur, spiritual warfare is a reality for Christians. Believers must be vigilant, putting on the full armor of God to stand firm against spiritual deception and attacks.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the conflict between the king of the North and the king of the South illustrate the transient nature of earthly power?

2. In what ways can the theme of betrayal in Daniel 11:25 serve as a warning for maintaining integrity in our personal and communal lives?

3. How does understanding God's sovereignty over historical events in Daniel 11 impact your perspective on current global affairs?

4. What parallels can you draw between the political intrigue in Daniel 11 and the spiritual battles Christians face today?

5. How can the assurance of God's ultimate victory in history encourage you in your daily walk with Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Daniel 8:23-25
This passage also discusses a powerful king who rises through deceit and intrigue, drawing a parallel to the themes of political maneuvering and betrayal in Daniel 11:25.

Isaiah 19:2-4
This prophecy speaks of internal strife and civil war in Egypt, which can be seen as a broader biblical theme of division and conflict within nations.

Matthew 24:6-7
Jesus speaks of wars and rumors of wars as signs of the end times, echoing the tumultuous events described in Daniel 11.