◄ Acts 25:26 ►
I have nothing definite to write to our sovereign one about him. Therefore I have brought him before all of you, and especially before you, King Agrippa, so that after this inquiry I may have something to write.
Study Bible
I have nothing definite to write
This phrase reflects the uncertainty and lack of concrete evidence against Paul. The Greek word for "definite" is "asphales," meaning secure or certain. This highlights the Roman legal system's emphasis on evidence and the rule of law. Festus, the Roman governor, is in a predicament because he cannot send Paul to Caesar without a clear charge, underscoring the fairness expected in Roman judicial proceedings.

to our sovereign
The term "sovereign" refers to the Roman Emperor, who at this time was Nero. The Greek word "kyrios" is often used for "lord" or "master," indicating the emperor's supreme authority. This reflects the political structure of the Roman Empire, where the emperor was the ultimate authority in legal matters. Festus's need to report to Nero underscores the hierarchical nature of Roman governance.

about him
The pronoun "him" refers to Paul, who is central to this narrative. Paul's situation is unique because he is a Roman citizen and a Christian apostle, which places him at the intersection of Roman law and early Christian history. His trials are pivotal in the spread of Christianity, as they provide him opportunities to witness to influential leaders.

Therefore I have brought him before you all
Festus's decision to present Paul to the assembly, including King Agrippa, is strategic. The phrase "before you all" indicates a public hearing, which was a common practice in Roman legal proceedings to ensure transparency and fairness. This setting also provides Paul a platform to testify about his faith, fulfilling his mission to spread the Gospel.

and especially before you, King Agrippa
King Agrippa II, a Jewish monarch with Roman ties, is a significant figure. The phrase "especially before you" highlights Agrippa's expertise in Jewish customs and laws, which Festus lacks. Agrippa's presence is crucial because he can provide insight into the religious aspects of the accusations against Paul, bridging the cultural gap between Roman and Jewish perspectives.

so that after this examination
The term "examination" refers to the formal inquiry into Paul's case. The Greek word "anakrisis" implies a thorough investigation. This process is essential for Festus to gather sufficient information to report to the emperor. It also serves as a divine opportunity for Paul to articulate his defense and share the Gospel message.

I may have something to write
Festus's need to have "something to write" underscores the importance of a well-documented legal process. The Roman administration required detailed reports, especially in cases involving Roman citizens. This necessity for documentation ensures that Paul's case is handled with due diligence, reflecting the procedural integrity of Roman law.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Festus
The Roman governor of Judea who succeeded Felix. He is responsible for handling Paul's case and is seeking advice on how to report it to the emperor.

2. Paul
The apostle who is on trial, having been accused by Jewish leaders of causing unrest and defiling the temple. He has appealed to Caesar, which is why Festus is involved.

3. King Agrippa
Herod Agrippa II, a Jewish monarch who is well-versed in Jewish customs and laws. Festus seeks his insight to better understand the charges against Paul.

4. Caesar
The Roman emperor to whom Paul has appealed. Festus needs to send a report explaining the charges against Paul.

5. Roman Judicial System
The legal framework within which Paul is being tried. It highlights the complexities of Roman law and the challenges faced by provincial governors like Festus.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Integrity in Trials
Paul’s unwavering integrity and faithfulness to his mission serve as a model for Christians facing trials or accusations. His example encourages believers to maintain their integrity and trust in God’s sovereignty.

God’s Sovereignty in Legal and Political Systems
Despite the complexities and potential injustices of human legal systems, God’s purposes prevail. Paul’s appeal to Caesar and his trials are part of God’s plan to spread the Gospel to the heart of the Roman Empire.

The Role of Wisdom and Counsel
Festus seeks Agrippa’s counsel, highlighting the importance of seeking wise advice when faced with difficult decisions. Christians are encouraged to seek godly counsel in their own lives.

Preparedness to Defend the Faith
Paul’s readiness to defend his faith before rulers is a call for believers to be prepared to articulate their beliefs clearly and confidently, relying on the Holy Spirit for guidance.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Paul’s appeal to Caesar demonstrate his understanding of God’s plan for his life and mission? Reflect on how you discern God’s direction in your own life.

2. In what ways can we see God’s hand at work in the legal and political systems of today, similar to how He worked through Paul’s trial?

3. How can seeking wise counsel from others help us navigate complex situations in our lives? Can you think of a time when you benefited from such counsel?

4. What steps can you take to be better prepared to defend your faith when questioned or challenged?

5. How does Paul’s example of integrity and faithfulness inspire you to live out your Christian faith in your daily life, especially in difficult circumstances?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Acts 9
Paul's conversion and calling by Jesus, which sets the stage for his missionary journeys and eventual trials.

Acts 23
Paul's initial arrest and the plot against his life, leading to his transfer to Caesarea and eventual trial before Festus.

1 Peter 3:15
Encourages believers to always be prepared to give a defense of their faith, similar to Paul's defense before Roman authorities.

Romans 13:1-7
Discusses the role of governing authorities, relevant to understanding the context of Paul's trial under Roman law.
Sermons
Agrippa and BerniceDean Plumptre.Acts 25:13-27
Face to FaceActs 25:13-27
Paul Before Princes and RulersK. Gerok.Acts 25:13-27
Paul in the Presence of King AgrippaR.A. Redford Acts 25:13-27
Paul's Introduction to AgrippaD. Thomas, D. D.Acts 25:13-27
The Blindness of Mere Worldly Education in Matters of Christian TruthK. Gerok.Acts 25:13-27
The Judgment of Worldly Men Concerning Matters of FaithLisco.Acts 25:13-27
The Principles of a Sound AdministrationK. Gerok.Acts 25:13-27
Worldly Judgment on Religious MattersE. Johnson Acts 25:13-27
How the Christian is Regarded by the WorldJ. W. Burn.Acts 25:22-27
Motives for HearingK. Gerok.Acts 25:22-27
Power, Degeneracy, and ConsecrationW. Clarkson Acts 25:22-27
The Audience Chamber of CaesareaK. Gerok.Acts 25:22-27
The Vanity of Regal PompActs 25:22-27
The Voluptuary's Desire for a New SensationH. R. Haweis, M. A.Acts 25:22-27
The Worth of Worldly GloryA. Farindon.Acts 25:22-27
People
Agrippa, Augustus, Bernice, Felix, Festus, Paul
Places
Caesarea, Jerusalem
Topics
Account, Agrippa, Business, Caesar, Definite, Especially, Examination, Examined, Forth, However, Investigation, Majesty, Nothing, O, Result, Somewhat, Sovereign, Specially, Wherefore, Writing, Yet
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Acts 25:25

     5305   empires
     8277   innocence

Library
1 Cor. 15:3-4. Foundation Truths.
[4] "I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures; "And that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures."--1 Cor. 15:3-4. THE text which heads this paper is taken from a passage of Scripture with which most Englishmen are only too well acquainted. It is the chapter from which the lesson has been selected, which forms part of the matchless Burial Service of the Church of England. Of …
John Charles Ryle—The Upper Room: Being a Few Truths for the Times

Whether a Judge May Condemn a Man who is not Accused?
Objection 1: It would seem that a judge may pass sentence on a man who is not accused. For human justice is derived from Divine justice. Now God judges the sinner even though there be no accuser. Therefore it seems that a man may pass sentence of condemnation on a man even though there be no accuser. Objection 2: Further, an accuser is required in judicial procedure in order that he may relate the crime to the judge. Now sometimes the crime may come to the judge's knowledge otherwise than by accusation; …
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Ambition is Opposed to Magnanimity by Excess?
Objection 1: It seems that ambition is not opposed to magnanimity by excess. For one mean has only one extreme opposed to it on the one side. Now presumption is opposed to magnanimity by excess as stated above ([3363]Q[130], A[2]). Therefore ambition is not opposed to it by excess. Objection 2: Further, magnanimity is about honors; whereas ambition seems to regard positions of dignity: for it is written (2 Macc. 4:7) that "Jason ambitiously sought the high priesthood." Therefore ambition is not opposed …
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether it is Lawful for the Accused to Escape Judgment by Appealing?
Objection 1: It would seem unlawful for the accused to escape judgment by appealing. The Apostle says (Rom. 13:1): "Let every soul be subject to the higher powers." Now the accused by appealing refuses to be subject to a higher power, viz. the judge. Therefore he commits a sin. Objection 2: Further, ordinary authority is more binding than that which we choose for ourselves. Now according to the Decretals (II, qu. vi, cap. A judicibus) it is unlawful to appeal from the judges chosen by common consent. …
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Acts 26:24-29. Portraits.
[10] "And as he thus spake for himself, Festus said with a loud voice, Paul, thou art beside thyself; much learning doth make thee mad. "But he said, I am not mad, most noble Festus; but speak forth the words of truth and soberness. "For the king knoweth of these things, before whom also I speak freely: for I am persuaded that none of these things are hidden from him; for this thing was not done in a corner. "King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets? I know that thou believest. "Then Agrippa said …
John Charles Ryle—The Upper Room: Being a Few Truths for the Times

Messiah Worshipped by Angels
Let all the angels of God worship Him. M any of the Lord's true servants, have been in a situation so nearly similar to that of Elijah, that like him they have been tempted to think they were left to serve the Lord alone (I Kings 19:10) . But God had then a faithful people, and He has so in every age. The preaching of the Gospel may be compared to a standard erected, to which they repair, and thereby become known to each other, and more exposed to the notice and observation of the world. But we hope …
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

The Candour of the Writers of the New Testament.
I make this candour to consist in their putting down many passages, and noticing many circumstances, which no writer whatever was likely to have forged; and which no writer would have chosen to appear in his book who had been careful to present the story in the most unexceptionable form, or who had thought himself at liberty to carve and mould the particulars of that story according to his choice, or according to his judgment of the effect. A strong and well-known example of the fairness of the evangelists …
William Paley—Evidences of Christianity

The Intercession of Christ
Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us! T he Redemption of the soul is precious. Fools make mock of sin (Proverbs 14:9) . But they will not think lightly of it, who duly consider the majesty, authority, and goodness of Him, against whom it is committed; and who are taught, by what God actually has done, what sin rendered necessary to be done, before a sinner could have a well-grounded …
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Jerusalem to Rome
Acts 21:17-28:31 THIS JOURNEY Scripture, Acts 21:17-28:31 1. The speech before the Jewish mob in the temple (Acts 22:1-29) in which Paul tells the Jews how he was changed from a persecutor to a believer in Christ. He relates also the story of his conversion. 2. The speech before the Jewish council (Acts 22:30; 23:1-10) in which he creates confusion by raising the question of the resurrection. But the provocation was great for the high-priest had commanded that Paul be smitten …
Henry T. Sell—Bible Studies in the Life of Paul

From Antioch to the Destruction of Jerusalem.
Acts 13-28 and all the rest of the New Testament except the epistles of John and Revelation. The Changed Situation. We have now come to a turning point in the whole situation. The center of work has shifted from Jerusalem to Antioch, the capital of the Greek province of Syria, the residence of the Roman governor of the province. We change from the study of the struggles of Christianity in the Jewish world to those it made among heathen people. We no longer study many and various persons and their …
Josiah Blake Tidwell—The Bible Period by Period

One Argument which Has Been Much Relied Upon but not More than Its Just Weight...
One argument which has been much relied upon (but not more than its just weight deserves) is the conformity of the facts occasionally mentioned or referred to in Scripture with the state of things in those times, as represented by foreign and independent accounts; which conformity proves, that the writers of the New Testament possessed a species of local knowledge which could belong only to an inhabitant of that country and to one living in that age. This argument, if well made out by examples, is …
William Paley—Evidences of Christianity

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