3 John 1:9

I have written to the church about this, but Diotrephes, who loves to be first, will not accept our instruction.

Study Bible

I wrote to the church
This phrase indicates the apostolic authority and pastoral concern of the Apostle John. The Greek word for "wrote" (ἔγραψα, egrapsa) suggests a formal communication, emphasizing the importance of written instruction in the early church. The "church" here refers to a local assembly of believers, highlighting the communal aspect of early Christianity. Historically, letters were a primary means of communication and instruction, underscoring the significance of apostolic guidance in maintaining doctrinal purity and unity.

but Diotrephes
The name "Diotrephes" is of Greek origin, meaning "nourished by Zeus." This individual is noted for his negative behavior within the church. The mention of Diotrephes serves as a cautionary example of pride and self-promotion. In the historical context, personal ambition and the desire for preeminence were challenges that could disrupt the harmony and mission of the early Christian communities.

who loves to be first
The Greek phrase (φιλοπρωτεύων, philoprōteuōn) literally means "loving to be first." This highlights a character flaw of Diotrephes—his desire for preeminence and control. In a biblical context, this attitude is contrary to the teachings of Christ, who emphasized humility and servanthood (Matthew 20:26-28). The early church valued leaders who were servants, not those who sought personal glory.

will not accept our instruction
The refusal to accept instruction (οὐκ ἐπιδέχεται, ouk epidechetai) indicates a rejection of apostolic authority. This phrase underscores the importance of submission to godly leadership and the teachings of the apostles, which were foundational for the church's faith and practice. Historically, such defiance could lead to division and doctrinal error, threatening the unity and witness of the church. The early church faced challenges from individuals who resisted apostolic teaching, necessitating strong leadership and adherence to the truth.

Persons / Places / Events

1. John the Apostle
The author of the letter, one of Jesus' original twelve disciples, known for his close relationship with Christ and his emphasis on love and truth.

2. Diotrephes
A leader in the early church who is characterized by his desire for preeminence and his rejection of apostolic authority.

3. The Church
The local congregation to which John wrote, likely a house church in Asia Minor, dealing with internal conflict and issues of authority.

4. The Letter
A communication from John to the church, addressing issues of leadership and authority, and the behavior of Diotrephes.

5. Apostolic Authority
The authority given to the apostles by Christ to lead and instruct the early church, which Diotrephes is rejecting.

Teaching Points

The Danger of Pride and Ambition
Diotrephes' love for being first serves as a warning against pride and ambition in church leadership. Leaders should seek to serve rather than to dominate.

The Importance of Apostolic Teaching
The rejection of apostolic instruction by Diotrephes highlights the need for adherence to biblical teaching and the authority of Scripture in church life.

The Role of Humility in Leadership
True Christian leadership is marked by humility and a willingness to serve others, following the example of Christ.

The Impact of Division in the Church
Diotrephes' actions caused division and strife within the church, reminding us of the importance of unity and cooperation among believers.

Accountability in Leadership
Church leaders are accountable to God and the broader Christian community, and should be open to correction and guidance.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the behavior of Diotrephes contrast with the biblical model of leadership as described in other parts of the New Testament?

2. In what ways can pride and a desire for preeminence manifest in modern church settings, and how can they be addressed?

3. How can we ensure that we are submitting to godly authority while also discerning when leadership may be acting contrary to Scripture?

4. What practical steps can we take to promote unity and cooperation within our local church community?

5. How can we cultivate humility in our own lives and in the lives of those we lead or influence?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Matthew 20:25-28
Jesus teaches about servant leadership, contrasting the desire for preeminence with the call to serve others.

1 Peter 5:1-3
Peter instructs church leaders to shepherd the flock willingly and eagerly, not lording it over those entrusted to them.

Philippians 2:3-4
Paul encourages believers to do nothing out of selfish ambition, but in humility consider others better than themselves.

Hebrews 13:17
The call for believers to obey their leaders and submit to their authority, as they keep watch over their souls.