2 Samuel 3:7

Meanwhile, Saul had a concubine named Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah. So Ish-bosheth questioned Abner, "Why did you sleep with my father's concubine?"

Study Bible

Meanwhile
This word sets the stage for a transition in the narrative, indicating that the events described are happening concurrently with other significant developments. In the broader context of 2 Samuel, this period is marked by political tension and power struggles following King Saul's death. The Hebrew root for "meanwhile" suggests a continuation or a concurrent event, emphasizing the ongoing nature of the conflict between the house of Saul and the house of David.

Saul had a concubine
The term "concubine" refers to a woman who lived with a man but had a lower status than his wife or wives. In ancient Israel, concubines were often taken by kings and men of power, serving both personal and political purposes. The Hebrew word for concubine, "pilegesh," indicates a recognized but secondary partner. This reflects the complex social and familial structures of the time, where concubines could bear children and influence succession and power dynamics.

named Rizpah
Rizpah, whose name means "glowing" or "coal," is a significant figure in the narrative. Her account is one of tragedy and loyalty, as later events reveal her deep commitment to her sons. The mention of her name here foreshadows her future actions and the impact she will have on the unfolding story. Her presence in the text highlights the often-overlooked roles women played in biblical history.

daughter of Aiah
This phrase provides Rizpah's lineage, which is a common biblical practice to establish identity and social standing. Aiah, her father, is mentioned to give context to her background and possibly her status. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, family lineage was crucial in determining one's place in society, and this detail underscores Rizpah's legitimate position within Saul's household.

And Ish-bosheth said to Abner
Ish-bosheth, Saul's son, is the king of Israel at this time, though his reign is weak and contested. His confrontation with Abner, the commander of Saul's army, reveals the internal strife and lack of strong leadership within Saul's house. The Hebrew name Ish-bosheth means "man of shame," which is telling of his character and the perception of his rule. Abner, on the other hand, is a powerful military leader, and this interaction sets the stage for a significant shift in political alliances.

Why did you sleep with my father’s concubine?
This accusation is not merely about a personal indiscretion but is laden with political implications. In the ancient Near East, taking a king's concubine was often seen as a claim to the throne or a challenge to the king's authority. The Hebrew phrase here implies a breach of loyalty and an assertion of power. Ish-bosheth's question to Abner is a pivotal moment that exposes the fragility of his rule and the brewing conflict that will eventually lead to Abner's defection to David's side.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, whose reign was marked by disobedience to God, leading to his downfall and the rise of David.

2. Rizpah
A concubine of Saul, daughter of Aiah, who later becomes known for her loyalty and tragic account in 2 Samuel 21.

3. Ish-bosheth
Saul's son, who was made king over Israel by Abner after Saul's death, but his reign was weak and short-lived.

4. Abner
The commander of Saul's army, a powerful figure who initially supported Ish-bosheth but later defected to David.

5. The Event
Ish-bosheth accuses Abner of sleeping with Saul's concubine, which was a significant political and personal accusation, as it implied a claim to Saul's throne.

Teaching Points

Respect for Authority
The accusation against Abner highlights the importance of respecting established authority and the boundaries set by God.

Consequences of Sin
The turmoil in Saul's family serves as a reminder of the long-lasting consequences of sin and disobedience to God.

God's Sovereignty
Despite human schemes and conflicts, God's plan for David to become king was ultimately fulfilled, demonstrating His sovereignty.

The Role of Women
Rizpah's account, though tragic, shows the significant yet often overlooked role women played in biblical accounts.

Conflict Resolution
The conflict between Ish-bosheth and Abner underscores the need for wisdom and discernment in resolving disputes.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the accusation against Abner reflect the political instability in Israel after Saul's death?

2. In what ways does the account of Rizpah and Ish-bosheth illustrate the consequences of sin and disobedience?

3. How can we apply the principle of respecting authority in our own lives, especially in situations of conflict?

4. What does this passage teach us about God's sovereignty and His ability to fulfill His promises despite human actions?

5. How can Rizpah's account inspire us to recognize and appreciate the often overlooked contributions of women in our communities and churches?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 35
The account of Reuben sleeping with Bilhah, his father Jacob's concubine, which was seen as a challenge to Jacob's authority.

2 Samuel 16
Absalom's act of sleeping with his father David's concubines, symbolizing his rebellion and claim to the throne.

1 Kings 2
Adonijah's request to marry Abishag, David's concubine, which Solomon interprets as a threat to his kingship.