2 Kings 13:10

In the thirty-seventh year of the reign of Joash over Judah, Jehoash son of Jehoahaz became king of Israel in Samaria, and he reigned sixteen years.

Study Bible

In the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah
This phrase sets the historical context for the reign of Jehoash, son of Jehoahaz. Joash, also known as Jehoash, was the king of Judah, and his reign is used as a chronological marker. The use of regnal years to date events was common in ancient Near Eastern cultures, providing a framework for understanding the timeline of Israel's history. Joash's reign in Judah was marked by a return to the worship of Yahweh, following the idolatry of previous kings. This context highlights the contrast between the spiritual state of Judah and Israel during this period.

Jehoash son of Jehoahaz
Jehoash, also referred to as Joash in some translations, was the son of Jehoahaz, who was a king of Israel. The name Jehoash means "Yahweh has given," reflecting the theophoric element common in Hebrew names, which often invoked the name of God. This naming convention underscores the cultural and religious significance of acknowledging God's sovereignty and provision, even in times of national apostasy.

became king of Israel
Jehoash's ascension to the throne of Israel marks a continuation of the dynastic line, despite the spiritual decline of the northern kingdom. The political landscape of Israel during this time was tumultuous, with frequent conflicts with neighboring nations such as Aram (Syria). The kingship of Israel was often characterized by a departure from the covenantal faithfulness expected by God, as the nation struggled with idolatry and disobedience.

and he reigned in Samaria
Samaria was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel, established by King Omri. It served as the political and religious center of Israel, though it was often associated with idolatry and syncretism. The city's strategic location made it a focal point for both trade and military campaigns. The mention of Samaria here emphasizes the centrality of the city in the governance and spiritual life of Israel, despite its association with practices contrary to the worship of Yahweh.

sixteen years
The duration of Jehoash's reign is significant in understanding the stability and continuity of leadership in Israel during this period. Sixteen years represents a relatively moderate reign, allowing for both the potential for reform and the continuation of existing policies. The length of a king's reign often reflected God's judgment or blessing upon the nation, with longer reigns sometimes indicating a period of relative peace or prosperity, despite the spiritual failings of the leadership.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Joash (King of Judah)
The king of Judah during whose reign Jehoash became king of Israel. His reign provides a chronological marker for Jehoash's ascension.

2. Jehoash (King of Israel)
Also known as Joash, he was the son of Jehoahaz and became king of Israel. His reign lasted sixteen years in Samaria.

3. Jehoahaz
The father of Jehoash, who was the previous king of Israel. His reign was marked by struggles against the Arameans.

4. Samaria
The capital of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, where Jehoash reigned. It was a central location for the political and religious life of Israel.

5. Israel and Judah
The divided kingdoms of the Hebrew people, with Israel in the north and Judah in the south. This division is crucial for understanding the political and spiritual dynamics of the time.

Teaching Points

Understanding Leadership in Context
Jehoash's reign must be understood within the broader context of Israel's spiritual and political struggles. Leaders today can learn from the importance of context in governance and decision-making.

The Consequences of Spiritual Decline
The spiritual state of Israel during Jehoash's reign was one of decline, as seen in the idolatry and disobedience to God. This serves as a warning about the consequences of turning away from God.

God's Sovereignty Amidst Human Failure
Despite the failures of Israel's kings, God's sovereign plan continued. This reminds believers that God's purposes prevail even when human leaders fall short.

The Importance of Historical Context in Scripture
Understanding the historical and cultural context of biblical events enriches our comprehension of Scripture. This encourages deeper study and reflection on the Bible's historical accounts.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the political situation between Israel and Judah during Jehoash's reign reflect the consequences of division among God's people?

2. In what ways can the spiritual decline of Israel during Jehoash's reign serve as a warning for contemporary believers and church communities?

3. How does the reign of Jehoash illustrate the importance of understanding leadership within its historical and cultural context?

4. What lessons can we learn from the continuity of God's plan despite the failures of Israel's kings, and how can this encourage us in our personal faith journey?

5. How can studying the historical context of biblical events, such as Jehoash's reign, enhance our understanding and application of Scripture in our lives today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Kings 13:1-9
Provides context for Jehoash's reign, detailing the struggles of his father Jehoahaz and the spiritual state of Israel.

2 Kings 14:23-29
Describes the reign of Jeroboam II, Jehoash's son, and the continuation of Israel's history, showing the long-term impact of Jehoash's reign.

2 Chronicles 25:17-24
Offers a parallel account of Jehoash's interactions with Amaziah, king of Judah, highlighting the political tensions between Israel and Judah.