1 Samuel 20:21

Then I will send a boy and say, 'Go, find the arrows!' Now, if I expressly say to him, 'Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them,' then come, because as surely as the LORD lives, it is safe for you and there is no danger.

Study Bible

Then I will send a boy
In the ancient Near Eastern context, it was common for servants or young boys to assist in tasks such as retrieving arrows. The Hebrew word for "boy" here is "na'ar," which can refer to a young man or servant. This reflects the hierarchical social structure of the time, where servants played crucial roles in daily life. The use of a boy in this scenario also adds a layer of innocence and neutrality to the message being conveyed.

and say, ‘Go, find the arrows!’
The act of sending the boy to find the arrows is a covert method of communication between Jonathan and David. Arrows in this context are not just weapons but symbols of the message being sent. The Hebrew word for "arrows" is "chets," which can also imply a sharp or decisive message. This reflects the urgency and precision required in their communication to ensure David's safety.

If I expressly say to him
The phrase "expressly say" indicates a clear and deliberate communication. In Hebrew, the word used here is "amar," which means to say or declare. This highlights the importance of clarity in Jonathan's message to avoid any misunderstanding that could endanger David's life. It underscores the gravity of the situation and the need for precise communication.

‘Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them here,’
This phrase serves as a coded message. The direction of the arrows signifies whether David is safe or in danger. The specificity of "on this side of you" indicates a prearranged signal between Jonathan and David. This reflects the deep trust and understanding between the two friends, as well as the necessity for secrecy in a time of political intrigue.

then come, because as surely as the LORD lives
The invocation of the LORD's name here is significant. It is a solemn oath, emphasizing the truth and seriousness of Jonathan's message. The Hebrew word for LORD is "Yahweh," the covenant name of God, which underscores the sacredness of the promise. This reflects Jonathan's faith and integrity, as he invokes God's name to assure David of his safety.

you are safe, and there is no danger
The assurance of safety is central to this message. The Hebrew word for "safe" is "shalom," which means peace, completeness, or welfare. It signifies not just the absence of danger but a state of well-being. This reflects the protective and caring nature of Jonathan's friendship with David, as he seeks to ensure David's peace and security amidst the threat from Saul.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is the one devising the plan to communicate with David.

2. David
The future king of Israel, currently in hiding due to King Saul's jealousy and intent to kill him.

3. Saul
The first king of Israel, whose jealousy and fear of losing his throne to David drive him to seek David's life.

4. The Field
The location where Jonathan and David meet secretly to discuss Saul's intentions.

5. The Boy
A servant used by Jonathan to retrieve the arrows, unknowingly part of the signal to David.

Teaching Points

The Value of True Friendship
Jonathan and David's relationship exemplifies loyalty, trust, and sacrificial love. In our lives, we should seek to build and maintain friendships that reflect these qualities.

Discernment and Wisdom
Jonathan uses wisdom and discernment in devising a plan to communicate with David without arousing suspicion. We should seek God's guidance in navigating complex situations in our lives.

God's Sovereignty and Protection
Despite Saul's intentions, God protects David through Jonathan's actions. This reminds us that God is in control and can use others to fulfill His purposes and protect us.

Courage in the Face of Danger
Jonathan's courage in standing up to his father and protecting David is a powerful example of doing what is right, even when it is risky. We are called to act with courage and integrity in our own lives.

Communication and Clarity
The plan involving the arrows highlights the importance of clear communication, especially in critical situations. We should strive for clarity and honesty in our interactions with others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jonathan's loyalty to David challenge us in our own friendships? Can you think of a time when you had to stand by a friend in difficult circumstances?

2. In what ways can we seek God's wisdom and discernment when faced with complex or dangerous situations, as Jonathan did?

3. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's protection in your life. How can this account of Jonathan and David encourage you to trust in God's sovereignty?

4. What are some practical ways we can demonstrate courage and integrity in our daily lives, following Jonathan's example?

5. How can we improve our communication with others to ensure clarity and understanding, especially in critical situations? Can you relate this to any teachings of Jesus in the New Testament?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18-19
These chapters provide context for Saul's growing animosity towards David and the deep friendship between Jonathan and David.

Proverbs 17:17
This verse speaks to the loyalty and love of a true friend, exemplified by Jonathan's actions.

John 15:13
Jesus speaks of the greatest love being laying down one's life for friends, which parallels Jonathan's willingness to protect David at great personal risk.