1 Samuel 19:11

Then Saul sent messengers to David's house to watch him and kill him in the morning. But David's wife Michal warned him, "If you do not run for your life tonight, tomorrow you will be dead!"

Study Bible

Then Saul sent messengers
The phrase "Then Saul sent messengers" indicates a direct action taken by King Saul, who was increasingly consumed by jealousy and fear of David. The Hebrew word for "messengers" is "mal'akhim," which can also mean "angels" or "agents." In this context, it refers to Saul's servants or soldiers tasked with carrying out his orders. This action reflects Saul's deteriorating mental state and his willingness to use his authority to eliminate perceived threats to his throne.

to David’s house
"To David’s house" signifies the personal and intimate nature of Saul's threat. David, who had been a loyal servant and son-in-law to Saul, was now being targeted in his own home. This highlights the betrayal and the danger David faced, as his sanctuary was no longer safe. The historical context shows that homes in ancient Israel were places of refuge and family, making this intrusion particularly egregious.

to watch him and kill him in the morning
The phrase "to watch him and kill him in the morning" reveals Saul's calculated plan to ensure David's death. The Hebrew word for "watch" is "shamar," meaning to guard or keep watch over. This indicates a premeditated surveillance, ensuring David could not escape. The intention to kill "in the morning" suggests a desire for secrecy and perhaps a public display of power, as executions were often carried out in daylight.

But Michal, David’s wife, warned him
"But Michal, David’s wife, warned him" introduces a pivotal moment of loyalty and courage. Michal, Saul's daughter and David's wife, chooses to protect her husband over her father's wishes. The Hebrew name "Michal" means "who is like God," and her actions here reflect a godly wisdom and bravery. Her warning is a turning point, demonstrating the power of familial love and loyalty over political allegiance.

saying, 'If you do not run for your life tonight, tomorrow you will be killed.'
The urgency in Michal's words, "If you do not run for your life tonight, tomorrow you will be killed," underscores the imminent danger David faced. The phrase "run for your life" is a call to immediate action, emphasizing the seriousness of the threat. The Hebrew root for "run" is "barach," which means to flee or escape. Michal's foresight and quick thinking were instrumental in preserving David's life, aligning with God's providential plan for David's future as king. Her intervention is a testament to the divine protection over David, who was anointed by God to lead Israel.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, who becomes increasingly jealous and hostile towards David, seeking to kill him.

2. David
The anointed future king of Israel, known for his faithfulness to God and his close relationship with Saul's son, Jonathan.

3. Michal
Saul's daughter and David's wife, who plays a crucial role in saving David's life by warning him of her father's intentions.

4. Messengers
Agents sent by Saul to monitor David and execute Saul's plan to kill him.

5. David’s House
The location where the event takes place, serving as a temporary refuge for David.

Teaching Points

God's Protection
Despite human schemes, God’s plans for His anointed will prevail. David’s escape is a testament to divine protection.

Courage and Wisdom
Michal’s actions demonstrate courage and wisdom. Believers are called to act wisely and courageously in the face of danger.

The Role of Family
Family can be a source of support and protection. Michal’s loyalty to David over her father shows the importance of righteous alliances.

Spiritual Warfare
The physical threat to David reflects the spiritual battles believers face. Trust in God’s deliverance is essential.

Faith in Action
David’s response to the threat shows faith in action. He heeds the warning and takes necessary steps to preserve his life, trusting in God’s ultimate plan.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Michal’s intervention reflect the importance of discernment and quick action in times of crisis?

2. In what ways does David’s escape from Saul’s plot illustrate God’s sovereignty and protection over His chosen ones?

3. How can Psalm 59 provide comfort and assurance to believers facing persecution or threats today?

4. What lessons can we learn from Michal’s loyalty to David about prioritizing godly relationships over familial ties?

5. How does the account of David’s escape encourage us to trust in God’s plan even when facing seemingly insurmountable challenges?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 59
Traditionally attributed to David during this time, expressing his plea for deliverance from his enemies.

1 Samuel 18:28-29
Highlights Saul's fear and jealousy of David, setting the stage for his murderous intent.

Acts 9:23-25
Similar escape account where Paul is lowered in a basket to escape those plotting to kill him, showing God's protection over His chosen servants.