Strong's Lexicon pikria: Bitterness Original Word: πικρία Word Origin: Derived from the Greek word πικρός (pikros), meaning "bitter." Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The Hebrew equivalent often associated with bitterness is מָרוֹר (maror), Strong's Hebrew 4844, which also conveys the idea of bitterness or bitterness of spirit. Usage: The term "pikria" refers to a state of sharpness or acridity, often used metaphorically to describe a deep-seated resentment or harshness in one's spirit. In the New Testament, it is used to denote a condition of the heart that is contrary to the fruit of the Spirit, often associated with anger, wrath, and malice. Cultural and Historical Background: In the Greco-Roman world, bitterness was often seen as a destructive emotion that could lead to personal and communal discord. The early Christian teachings emphasized the transformation of the heart and mind, urging believers to rid themselves of bitterness and embrace forgiveness and love, reflecting the character of Christ. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom pikros Definition bitterness NASB Translation bitterness (4). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4088: πικρίαπικρία, πικρίας, ἡ (πικρός), bitterness: χολή πικρίας, equivalent to χολή πικρά (Winers Grammar, 34, 3 b.; Buttmann, § 132, 10), bitter gall, equivalent to extreme wickedness, Acts 8:23; ῤίζα πικρίας (references as above), a bitter root, and so producing bitter fruit, Hebrews 12:15 (from Deuteronomy 29:18, the Alex. manuscript), cf. Bleek at the passage; metaphorically, bitterness, i. e. bitter hatred, Ephesians 4:31; of speech, Romans 3:14 after Psalm 9:28 Strong's Exhaustive Concordance bitterness. From pikros; acridity (especially poison), literally or figuratively -- bitterness. see GREEK pikros Forms and Transliterations πικρια πικρία πικρίαις πικρίαν πικριας πικρίας πικρίδων πικριών pikria pikría pikrias pikríasLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Acts 8:23 N-GFSGRK: γὰρ χολὴν πικρίας καὶ σύνδεσμον NAS: that you are in the gall of bitterness and in the bondage KJV: the gall of bitterness, and INT: indeed a gall of bitterness and a bond Romans 3:14 N-GFS Ephesians 4:31 N-NFS Hebrews 12:15 N-GFS Strong's Greek 4088 |
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