Psalm 15:3

who has no slander on his tongue, who does no harm to his neighbor, who casts no scorn on his friend,

Study Bible

He who does not slander with his tongue
This phrase emphasizes the importance of integrity in speech. The Hebrew word for "slander" is "רָגַל" (ragal), which can mean to go about as a talebearer or to spy. In the ancient context, slander was not just a personal offense but a communal one, as it could disrupt the harmony and trust within a community. The tongue, often seen as a small but powerful instrument, is highlighted throughout Scripture as having the power to bless or curse (James 3:5-10). The psalmist underscores the necessity of using one's words to build up rather than tear down, aligning with the broader biblical teaching that calls for truthfulness and love in communication.

who does no wrong to a neighbor
The phrase "does no wrong" is rooted in the Hebrew "רָע" (ra), meaning evil or harm. This part of the verse calls for a proactive commitment to the well-being of others, reflecting the commandment to love one's neighbor as oneself (Leviticus 19:18). In the historical context of ancient Israel, community life was tightly knit, and the actions of one individual could significantly impact the entire group. Therefore, the psalmist's call is not merely to avoid harm but to actively seek the good of others, fostering a community that mirrors God's justice and compassion.

and casts no slur on his fellow man
The term "slur" translates from the Hebrew "חֶרְפָּה" (cherpah), which can mean reproach or disgrace. This phrase extends the prohibition against slander to include any form of insult or defamation. In biblical times, one's reputation was a vital aspect of social standing and personal identity. To cast a slur was to attack the very essence of a person's dignity. The psalmist's instruction here is a call to uphold the honor and respect due to every individual, recognizing each person as made in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). This aligns with the New Testament teaching to honor all people (1 Peter 2:17), promoting a culture of respect and love within the community of faith.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
Traditionally attributed as the author of Psalm 15, David was the second king of Israel and a man after God's own heart. He often wrote about the qualities of a righteous person.

2. The Righteous Person
The individual described in Psalm 15 who embodies the qualities of integrity, righteousness, and truthfulness.

3. Neighbor
In the context of this Psalm, the neighbor represents those in close proximity to us, both physically and relationally, whom we are called to treat with love and respect.

4. Friend
A person with whom one shares a bond of mutual affection, distinct from a mere acquaintance or neighbor, highlighting the importance of loyalty and respect in close relationships.

5. The Tabernacle
While not directly mentioned in verse 3, the context of Psalm 15 is about who may dwell in God's sacred tent, symbolizing His presence and fellowship.

Teaching Points

Guarding Our Speech
The Hebrew word for "slander" (ragal) implies a form of betrayal or speaking with malicious intent. As believers, we are called to use our words to build up rather than tear down.

Loving Our Neighbors
The command to do no harm to our neighbor is rooted in the broader biblical principle of loving others as ourselves. This involves active kindness and the avoidance of actions that could cause harm.

Valuing Friendships
Casting scorn on a friend damages trust and relationships. We are encouraged to cultivate loyalty and respect in our friendships, reflecting Christ's love.

Living with Integrity
The qualities described in Psalm 15:3 are part of a larger picture of living a life of integrity, which is essential for those who desire to dwell in God's presence.

Reflecting Christ's Character
As followers of Christ, we are called to reflect His character in our interactions with others, demonstrating love, truth, and grace in all we do.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the instruction in Psalm 15:3 to avoid slander challenge the way you currently use your words in daily interactions?

2. In what ways can you actively demonstrate love and avoid harm to your neighbor, as described in this verse?

3. Reflect on a time when you may have cast scorn on a friend. How can you seek reconciliation and restore that relationship?

4. How does the teaching in James 3 about the power of the tongue relate to the principles found in Psalm 15:3?

5. What practical steps can you take to ensure that your life reflects the integrity and righteousness described in Psalm 15, especially in your speech and relationships?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 3:5-10
This passage discusses the power of the tongue, emphasizing the importance of controlling our speech to avoid harm and promote righteousness.

Leviticus 19:16-18
These verses provide Old Testament laws about not slandering or bearing grudges, reinforcing the call to love one's neighbor as oneself.

Proverbs 11:9
This proverb warns against the destructive power of slander, aligning with the call in Psalm 15:3 to refrain from harmful speech.