Psalm 10:10
They are crushed and beaten down; the hapless fall prey to his strength.
He crouches
The imagery of crouching suggests a predator lying in wait, ready to pounce on its prey. In the Hebrew text, the word used here can imply stealth and deceit, characteristics often associated with the wicked in the Psalms. This posture of crouching is symbolic of the wicked's readiness to exploit the vulnerable. Historically, this reflects the behavior of oppressors who use cunning and deceit to ensnare the innocent, a theme prevalent throughout the Psalms.

he lies low
This phrase further emphasizes the stealth and hidden nature of the wicked's actions. The Hebrew root here conveys a sense of humility or lowliness, but in a deceptive manner. It suggests that the wicked may present themselves as harmless or insignificant, only to strike when least expected. This can be seen as a warning to the faithful to be vigilant against those who disguise their true intentions.

that the helpless
The term "helpless" refers to those who are vulnerable and without means to defend themselves. In the context of the Psalms, the helpless often represent the poor, the orphaned, and the oppressed. The Hebrew word used here underscores their lack of power and resources, making them easy targets for the wicked. This highlights a recurring biblical theme of God's concern for justice and protection for the marginalized.

may fall
The act of falling here is not just a physical collapse but a metaphor for being overcome or defeated. The Hebrew root can imply a downfall or ruin, often used in the context of moral or spiritual failure. This reflects the tragic outcome for the helpless when they are ensnared by the wicked, emphasizing the need for divine intervention and justice.

by his strong claws
The imagery of "strong claws" paints a vivid picture of the power and ferocity of the wicked. The Hebrew word for "claws" can also be translated as "arms" or "strength," indicating the might and control the wicked exert over their victims. This phrase serves as a stark reminder of the destructive power of evil when left unchecked, and it calls the faithful to seek God's strength and protection against such forces.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Oppressor
The individual or group who is described as crouching and lying low, using deceit and strength to harm the helpless.

2. The Helpless
Those who are vulnerable and targeted by the oppressor, often representing the poor, needy, or marginalized in society.

3. The Psalmist
Traditionally attributed to David, the psalmist is the one who observes and laments the actions of the wicked.

4. God
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, God is the ultimate judge and protector of the helpless, as seen in the broader context of the psalm.

5. The Setting
The psalm is set in a context of injustice and oppression, where the wicked seem to prevail over the innocent.
Teaching Points
The Nature of Evil
Evil often disguises itself and uses cunning tactics to achieve its goals. Believers must be aware of the subtlety of sin and the ways it can manifest in society.

God's Justice
While the wicked may seem to prevail temporarily, God's justice will ultimately prevail. Believers are called to trust in God's timing and righteousness.

Protection for the Vulnerable
As followers of Christ, we are called to protect and advocate for the helpless, reflecting God's heart for justice and mercy.

Spiritual Vigilance
Just as the oppressor lies in wait, believers must remain spiritually vigilant, relying on God's strength to resist evil.

Prayer and Dependence on God
In times of oppression and injustice, prayer is a powerful tool. Believers should continually seek God's intervention and guidance.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the imagery of "crouching" and "lying low" in Psalm 10:10 reflect the tactics of the oppressor, and how can we recognize similar tactics in today's world?

2. In what ways does Psalm 10:10 challenge us to respond to injustice and oppression in our communities?

3. How can we find comfort in God's justice when we see the helpless being targeted by the strong, as described in Psalm 10:10?

4. What practical steps can we take to protect and support the vulnerable in our society, in light of the teachings of Psalm 10:10 and related scriptures?

5. How does the message of Psalm 10:10 encourage us to remain spiritually vigilant and dependent on God in our daily lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Psalm 37:14-15
This passage also describes the wicked plotting against the righteous, highlighting the theme of the wicked using deceit and strength to harm the innocent.

Proverbs 6:16-19
Lists things that the Lord hates, including a heart that devises wicked schemes, which connects to the behavior of the oppressor in Psalm 10:10.

James 4:6-7
Emphasizes God's opposition to the proud and His grace to the humble, offering hope to the helpless who rely on God rather than their own strength.

1 Peter 5:8-9
Warns believers to be alert and resist the devil, who prowls like a roaring lion, similar to the imagery of the oppressor lying in wait.
A Theological Difficulty, a Haughty Impiety, an Earnest PrayerD. Thomas, D. D.Psalm 10:1-18
Man's Cry for a Solution of the Felt Distance of His MakerJ. Parker, D. D.Psalm 10:1-18
The Righteous GodC. Short Psalm 10:1-18
Times of Darkness and FearW. Forsyth Psalm 10:1-18
Why? Or, Hard Facts and Puzzling QuestionsC. Clemance Psalm 10:1-18
Black ArtsW. L. Watkinson.Psalm 10:7-18
OppressionThomas Brooks.Psalm 10:7-18
People
David, Psalmist
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Afflicted, Boweth, Bows, Bruised, Claws, Collapse, Crouches, Croucheth, Crushed, Fall, Fallen, Falls, Feeble, Hapless, Helpless, Humbleth, Low, Mighty, Ones, Overcome, Poor, Sinks, Strength, Strong, Unfortunate, Upright, Wretched
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 10:2-11

     5793   arrogance

Psalm 10:4-11

     6169   godlessness

Psalm 10:8-11

     5348   injustice, nature and source

Psalm 10:9-11

     5896   irreverence

Library
One Saying from Three Men
'The wicked hath said in his heart, I shall not be moved.' --PSALM x. 6. 'Because He is at my right hand, I shall not be moved.' --PSALM xvi. 8. 'And in my prosperity I said, I shall never be moved.' --PSALM xxx. 6. How differently the same things sound when said by different men! Here are three people giving utterance to almost the same sentiment of confidence. A wicked man says it, and it is insane presumption and defiance. A good man says it, having been lulled into false security by easy times,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Poor Man's Friend
"The poor committeth himself unto thee."--Psalm 10:14. GOD IS THE POOR MAN'S FRIEND; the poor man, in His helplessness and despair, leaves his case in the hands of God, and God undertakes to care for him. In the days of David,--and I suppose, in this respect, the world has but little improved,--the poor man was the victim of almost everybody's cruelty, and sometimes he was very shamefully oppressed. If he sought redress for his wrongs, he generally only increased them, for he was regarded as a rebel
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 53: 1907

Jerome
I, Jerome, [2568] son of Eusebius, of the city of Strido, which is on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia and was overthrown by the Goths, up to the present year, that is, the fourteenth of the Emperor Theodosius, have written the following: Life of Paul the monk, one book of Letters to different persons, an Exhortation to Heliodorus, Controversy of Luciferianus and Orthodoxus, Chronicle of universal history, 28 homilies of Origen on Jeremiah and Ezekiel, which I translated from Greek into Latin,
Various—Jerome and Gennadius Lives of Illustrious Men.

Look we Then, Beloved, what Hardships in Labors and Sorrows Men Endure...
3. Look we then, beloved, what hardships in labors and sorrows men endure, for things which they viciously love, and by how much they think to be made by them more happy, by so much more unhappily covet. How much for false riches, how much for vain honors, how much for affections of games and shows, is of exceeding peril and trouble most patiently borne! We see men hankering after money, glory, lasciviousness, how, that they may arrive at their desires, and having gotten not lose them, they endure
St. Augustine—On Patience

The Tests of Love to God
LET us test ourselves impartially whether we are in the number of those that love God. For the deciding of this, as our love will be best seen by the fruits of it, I shall lay down fourteen signs, or fruits, of love to God, and it concerns us to search carefully whether any of these fruits grow in our garden. 1. The first fruit of love is the musing of the mind upon God. He who is in love, his thoughts are ever upon the object. He who loves God is ravished and transported with the contemplation of
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

These Things, My Brother Aurelius, Most Dear unto Me...
38. These things, my brother Aurelius, most dear unto me, and in the bowels of Christ to be venerated, so far as He hath bestowed on me the ability Who through thee commanded me to do it, touching work of Monks, I have not delayed to write; making this my chief care, lest good brethren obeying apostolic precepts, should by lazy and disobedient be called even prevaricators from the Gospel: that they which work not, may at the least account them which do work to be better than themselves without doubt.
St. Augustine—Of the Work of Monks.

The Situation of the Jews During this Period.
As we have seen in earlier chapters, the declarations of Holy Writ make it very clear that Israel will yet be restored to God's favor and be rehabilitated in Palestine. But before that glad time arrives, the Jews have to pass through a season of sore trouble and affliction, during which God severely chastises them for their sins and punishes them for the rejection and crucifixion of their Messiah. Fearful indeed have been the past experiences of "the nation of the weary feet" but a darker path than
Arthur W. Pink—The Redeemer's Return

Question Lxxxiii of Prayer
I. Is Prayer an Act of the Appetitive Powers? Cardinal Cajetan, On Prayer based on Friendship II. Is it Fitting to Pray? Cardinal Cajetan, On Prayer as a True Cause S. Augustine, On the Sermon on the Mount, II. iii. 14 " On the Gift of Perseverance, vii. 15 III. Is Prayer an Act of the Virtue of Religion? Cardinal Cajetan, On the Humility of Prayer S. Augustine, On Psalm cii. 10 " Of the Gift of Perseverance, xvi. 39 IV. Ought We to Pray to God Alone? S. Augustine, Sermon, cxxvii. 2 V.
St. Thomas Aquinas—On Prayer and The Contemplative Life

Out of the Deep of Suffering and Sorrow.
Save me, O God, for the waters are come in even unto my soul: I am come into deep waters; so that the floods run over me.--Ps. lxix. 1, 2. I am brought into so great trouble and misery: that I go mourning all the day long.--Ps. xxxviii. 6. The sorrows of my heart are enlarged: Oh! bring Thou me out of my distress.--Ps. xxv. 17. The Lord hath heard the voice of my weeping: the Lord will receive my prayer.--Ps. vi. 8. In the multitude of the sorrows which I had in my heart, Thy comforts have refreshed
Charles Kingsley—Out of the Deep

"And the Life. " How Christ is the Life.
This, as the former, being spoken indefinitely, may be universally taken, as relating both to such as are yet in the state of nature, and to such as are in the state of grace, and so may be considered in reference to both, and ground three points of truth, both in reference to the one, and in reference to the other; to wit, 1. That our case is such as we stand in need of his help, as being the Life. 2. That no other way but by him, can we get that supply of life, which we stand in need of, for he
John Brown (of Wamphray)—Christ The Way, The Truth, and The Life

Life of Jerome.
The figures in parentheses, when not otherwise indicated, refer to the pages in this volume. For a full account of the Life, the translator must refer to an article (Hieronymus) written by him in Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Christian Biography. A shorter statement may suffice here, since the chief sources of information are contained in this volume, and to these reference will be continually made. Childhood and Youth. A.D. 345. Jerome was born at Stridon, near Aquileia, but in Pannonia, a place
St. Jerome—The Principal Works of St. Jerome

The Revelation and Career of the Anti-Christ.
Who is the Anti-christ? Varied and wild have been the answers to this question. In pre-christian times there were many who regarded Antiochus Epiphanes as the one whom Daniel and the other prophets described. At the beginning of this dispensation Nero was looked upon as the predicted Man of Sin. After the Reformation the Papacy was selected as the fulfiller of the prophecies given through the Patmos seer. And in our day there have been those who consider the Kaiser to be the Son of Perdition. It
Arthur W. Pink—The Redeemer's Return

Being Made Archbishop of Armagh, He Suffers Many Troubles. Peace Being Made, from Being Archbishop of Armagh He Becomes Bishop of Down.
[Sidenote: 1129] 19. (12). Meanwhile[365] it happened that Archbishop Cellach[366] fell sick: he it was who ordained Malachy deacon, presbyter and bishop: and knowing that he was dying he made a sort of testament[367] to the effect that Malachy ought to succeed him,[368] because none seemed worthier to be bishop of the first see. This he gave in charge to those who were present, this he commanded to the absent, this to the two kings of Munster[369] and to the magnates of the land he specially enjoined
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

He Does Battle for the Faith; He Restores Peace among those who were at Variance; He Takes in Hand to Build a Stone Church.
57. (32). There was a certain clerk in Lismore whose life, as it is said, was good, but his faith not so. He was a man of some knowledge in his own eyes, and dared to say that in the Eucharist there is only a sacrament and not the fact[718] of the sacrament, that is, mere sanctification and not the truth of the Body. On this subject he was often addressed by Malachy in secret, but in vain; and finally he was called before a public assembly, the laity however being excluded, in order that if it were
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

Letter Xlv (Circa A. D. 1120) to a Youth Named Fulk, who Afterwards was Archdeacon of Langres
To a Youth Named Fulk, Who Afterwards Was Archdeacon of Langres He gravely warns Fulk, a Canon Regular, whom an uncle had by persuasions and promises drawn back to the world, to obey God and be faithful to Him rather than to his uncle. To the honourable young man Fulk, Brother Bernard, a sinner, wishes such joy in youth as in old age he will not regret. 1. I do not wonder at your surprise; I should wonder if you were not suprised [sic] that I should write to you, a countryman to a citizen, a monk
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux—Some Letters of Saint Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux

The Desire of the Righteous Granted;
OR, A DISCOURSE OF THE RIGHTEOUS MAN'S DESIRES. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR As the tree is known by its fruit, so is the state of a man's heart known by his desires. The desires of the righteous are the touchstone or standard of Christian sincerity--the evidence of the new birth--the spiritual barometer of faith and grace--and the springs of obedience. Christ and him crucified is the ground of all our hopes--the foundation upon which all our desires after God and holiness are built--and the root
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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