Luke 19:2

And there was a man named Zacchaeus, a chief tax collector, who was very wealthy.

Study Bible

And there was a man named Zacchaeus
The name "Zacchaeus" is derived from the Hebrew name "Zakkai," which means "pure" or "innocent." This is quite ironic given his profession as a tax collector, which was often associated with corruption and sinfulness in the Jewish context. Zacchaeus' name sets the stage for the transformative encounter he is about to have with Jesus, highlighting the theme of redemption and the possibility of purity even for those deemed sinful by society.

a chief tax collector
The term "chief tax collector" is significant as it indicates Zacchaeus' high-ranking position within the Roman tax system. In the Greek, the word used is "architelōnēs," which combines "archi" (chief) and "telōnēs" (tax collector). Tax collectors were despised by the Jewish people because they were seen as collaborators with the Roman occupiers and were notorious for extorting money. As a chief tax collector, Zacchaeus would have been responsible for overseeing other tax collectors, making him particularly wealthy and disliked. This context underscores the radical nature of Jesus' outreach to him, as it challenges societal norms and prejudices.

who was very wealthy
The phrase "very wealthy" emphasizes Zacchaeus' substantial financial status, which he likely accumulated through his position. In the Greek, the word "plousios" is used, meaning rich or wealthy. This detail is crucial because it sets up the contrast between Zacchaeus' material wealth and his spiritual poverty. In the Gospel of Luke, wealth is often portrayed as a barrier to entering the Kingdom of God (as seen in the account of the rich young ruler in Luke 18:18-25). Zacchaeus' wealth highlights the transformative power of Jesus' message, as it suggests that even those who are materially rich can be spiritually transformed and find salvation.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Zacchaeus
A chief tax collector in Jericho, known for his wealth. Tax collectors were often despised by the Jewish people for their association with the Roman authorities and their reputation for corruption.

2. Jericho
A significant city in Judea, known for its historical and economic importance. It was a prosperous city, which may have contributed to Zacchaeus's wealth.

3. Tax Collection
The Roman system of tax collection often involved local Jews collecting taxes from their own people, which led to social ostracism and accusations of betrayal.

Teaching Points

The Transformative Power of Encountering Jesus
Zacchaeus's account illustrates how a personal encounter with Jesus can lead to profound life changes, even for those deeply entrenched in sin.

Wealth and Spirituality
Zacchaeus's wealth did not prevent him from seeking Jesus, but it did require a willingness to change his ways. This challenges believers to consider how their own resources are used in light of their faith.

Social Ostracism and Redemption
Despite being marginalized by society, Zacchaeus finds acceptance and redemption in Jesus, reminding us that no one is beyond God's reach.

Repentance and Restitution
Zacchaeus's willingness to repay those he wronged demonstrates true repentance, which involves both a change of heart and actions.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Zacchaeus's position as a chief tax collector influence his encounter with Jesus, and what does this teach us about societal labels and personal transformation?

2. In what ways does Zacchaeus's account challenge our understanding of wealth and its impact on our spiritual lives?

3. How can Zacchaeus's response to Jesus serve as a model for repentance and restitution in our own lives?

4. What does Jesus' interaction with Zacchaeus reveal about His mission and priorities, and how can we apply this understanding to our interactions with others?

5. How can we, like Zacchaeus, overcome societal barriers to seek a deeper relationship with Jesus, and what practical steps can we take to ensure our resources align with our faith?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Luke 5:27-32
The calling of Levi (Matthew), another tax collector, highlights Jesus' willingness to associate with those considered sinners and outcasts.

Matthew 19:16-30
The account of the rich young ruler contrasts with Zacchaeus's response to Jesus, emphasizing the challenge wealth can pose to spiritual commitment.

Acts 10:1-48
Cornelius, a Roman centurion, represents another example of a wealthy and influential person who seeks God, showing that God's grace extends to all, regardless of social status.