John 13:28

But no one at the table knew why Jesus had said this to him.

Study Bible

But no one
This phrase emphasizes the complete lack of understanding among the disciples. The Greek word used here for "no one" is "οὐδεὶς" (oudeis), which means not a single person. This highlights the isolation of Jesus in His knowledge and mission. Despite being His closest followers, the disciples were often unaware of the deeper spiritual realities unfolding before them. This serves as a reminder of the limitations of human understanding without divine revelation.

at the table
The setting of this verse is the Last Supper, a pivotal moment in the New Testament. The Greek word "τράπεζα" (trapeza) refers to a dining table, symbolizing fellowship and communion. In Jewish tradition, sharing a meal was an intimate act, signifying trust and community. This context underscores the gravity of the moment, as Jesus shares His final meal with His disciples before His crucifixion.

knew
The Greek word "ἔγνω" (egnō) is used here, meaning to know or understand. This word implies a deeper, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual awareness. The disciples' lack of understanding reflects their spiritual immaturity and foreshadows the revelation that would come only after the resurrection and the coming of the Holy Spirit.

why Jesus had said this to him
This phrase refers to Jesus' earlier statement to Judas Iscariot, instructing him to do quickly what he was about to do. The Greek word for "said" is "εἶπεν" (eipen), indicating a direct and authoritative communication. The disciples' ignorance of the reason behind Jesus' words to Judas highlights the mystery of God's plan and the unfolding of divine will, which often remains hidden until the appointed time. This moment is a profound reminder of the sovereignty of God and the fulfillment of prophecy, as Jesus willingly steps toward His sacrificial death for humanity's redemption.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus
The central figure of the New Testament, the Son of God, who is at the Last Supper with His disciples.

2. Judas Iscariot
One of the twelve disciples, who is about to betray Jesus. Jesus has just given him a piece of bread, indicating his role in the upcoming betrayal.

3. The Disciples
The followers of Jesus who are present at the Last Supper, unaware of the significance of Jesus' words to Judas.

4. The Last Supper
The final meal Jesus shares with His disciples before His crucifixion, held in Jerusalem.

5. Jerusalem
The city where the Last Supper takes place, a significant location in Jesus' ministry and the events leading to His crucifixion.

Teaching Points

Understanding God's Sovereignty
Even when the disciples did not understand Jesus' actions, God’s plan was unfolding perfectly. Trust in God's sovereignty, even when circumstances are unclear.

The Danger of Hidden Sin
Judas' betrayal was hidden from the other disciples, reminding us of the destructive nature of secret sin. Confession and repentance are crucial.

The Importance of Spiritual Discernment
The disciples' lack of understanding highlights the need for spiritual discernment. Pray for wisdom and insight to perceive God's work in your life.

The Fulfillment of Prophecy
Jesus' betrayal was a fulfillment of prophecy, demonstrating the reliability of Scripture. Study the Bible to see how God's promises are fulfilled.

Community and Accountability
The disciples were a community, yet Judas' actions went unnoticed. Engage in accountable relationships within your faith community to support and encourage one another.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the context of John 13:28 help us understand the significance of Jesus' words and actions at the Last Supper?

2. In what ways can we see the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy in the events surrounding Judas' betrayal?

3. How can we apply the lesson of God's sovereignty in our own lives when we face situations we do not understand?

4. What steps can we take to ensure that we are living transparently and avoiding hidden sin in our lives?

5. How can we cultivate spiritual discernment to better understand God's work and direction in our lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

John 13:21-27
Provides context for John 13:28, where Jesus predicts His betrayal and identifies Judas as the betrayer.

Matthew 26:20-25
Another account of the Last Supper, where Jesus speaks of His betrayal, highlighting the fulfillment of prophecy.

Psalm 41:9
A prophetic reference to the betrayal of Jesus by a close friend, which is fulfilled in Judas' actions.

Acts 1:16-20
Discusses the aftermath of Judas' betrayal and his replacement among the apostles, showing the continuation of God's plan.