Hebrews 10:13

Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,

Study Bible

Since that time
This phrase refers to the period following Christ's ascension into heaven. The Greek word used here, "τότε" (tote), signifies a specific point in time, emphasizing the completed work of Christ's sacrifice. Historically, this marks the transition from the old covenant, with its repeated sacrifices, to the new covenant, where Christ's single offering suffices for all time. This moment is pivotal in Christian theology, symbolizing the fulfillment of prophecy and the inauguration of a new era of grace.

He waits
The Greek word "ἐκδέχεται" (ekdechetai) conveys a sense of patient expectation. Christ's waiting is not passive but is filled with purpose and assurance. This waiting period is a testament to God's sovereign plan unfolding in His perfect timing. It reflects the confident anticipation of the ultimate victory over evil, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture, reminding believers of the assured triumph of God's kingdom.

for His enemies
The term "enemies" here, from the Greek "ἐχθρούς" (echthrous), refers to all forces opposed to God's will and kingdom. This includes spiritual adversaries, such as Satan and his demonic forces, as well as earthly powers that resist God's authority. Historically, this enmity traces back to the fall of man and the ongoing spiritual warfare described throughout the Bible. The ultimate defeat of these enemies is a central promise of Christian eschatology.

to be made
The phrase "to be made" comes from the Greek "τίθημι" (tithēmi), meaning to place or set. This indicates a deliberate action by God to subdue and arrange all things under Christ's authority. It underscores the divine initiative in bringing about the fulfillment of His redemptive plan. This action is not merely a future hope but a present reality being worked out in history.

a footstool for His feet
This imagery is drawn from ancient Near Eastern customs, where a conquering king would place his feet on the necks of defeated foes, symbolizing total victory and subjugation. The phrase echoes Psalm 110:1, a messianic prophecy that is frequently referenced in the New Testament. In the Greek, "ὑποπόδιον" (hypopodion) signifies a place of submission. This powerful image assures believers of Christ's ultimate dominion and the complete subjugation of all opposition, reinforcing the hope and certainty of His reign.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The central figure in this passage, who is seated at the right hand of God, waiting for His enemies to be subdued.

2. Enemies of Christ
Refers to all forces opposed to Christ's rule and authority, both spiritual and earthly.

3. Footstool
A metaphorical term indicating complete subjugation and victory over enemies.

4. Heaven
The place where Christ is seated at the right hand of God, signifying His authority and completed work.

5. The Church
The body of believers who are part of Christ's kingdom and await the fulfillment of His victory.

Teaching Points

Christ's Completed Work
Jesus' position at the right hand of God signifies the completion of His redemptive work. Believers can rest in the assurance of salvation and the certainty of His victory.

The Certainty of Victory
The imagery of enemies becoming a footstool assures believers of the ultimate triumph of Christ over all evil. This encourages perseverance and faithfulness in the face of opposition.

Living in Anticipation
As Christ waits for His enemies to be subdued, believers are called to live in anticipation of His return, actively participating in His mission on earth.

Spiritual Warfare
Understanding that Christ's enemies are spiritual as well as physical, believers are reminded to engage in spiritual warfare with the confidence of Christ's victory.

Hope and Encouragement
The promise of Christ's victory provides hope and encouragement to believers, motivating them to remain steadfast in their faith and witness.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the imagery of Christ's enemies becoming a footstool impact your understanding of His authority and victory?

2. In what ways can you live in anticipation of Christ's ultimate victory in your daily life?

3. How does the assurance of Christ's completed work at the right hand of God influence your approach to spiritual warfare?

4. What practical steps can you take to align your life with the reality of Christ's reign and His eventual triumph over all enemies?

5. How can the promise of Christ's victory provide hope and encouragement in the face of personal or global challenges?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 110:1
This verse is directly quoted in Hebrews 10:13, where God invites the Messiah to sit at His right hand until His enemies are made a footstool. It emphasizes the Messianic prophecy and the ultimate victory of Christ.

1 Corinthians 15:25-27
Paul speaks of Christ reigning until all His enemies are under His feet, reinforcing the theme of Christ's ultimate victory.

Ephesians 1:20-22
Describes Christ's exaltation and authority over all things, aligning with the imagery of His enemies becoming a footstool.

Philippians 2:9-11
Highlights the exaltation of Christ and the submission of all creation to His lordship.

Revelation 19:11-16
Depicts the final victory of Christ over His enemies, fulfilling the promise of making them His footstool.