Acts 3:19

Repent, then, and turn back, so that your sins may be wiped away,

Study Bible

Repent, then
The word "repent" comes from the Greek word "metanoeō," which means to change one's mind or purpose. In the context of Acts 3:19, Peter is calling the people to a profound transformation of heart and mind, turning away from sin and towards God. This call to repentance is a consistent theme throughout the New Testament, emphasizing the need for a personal decision to follow Christ. Historically, repentance was a central message of the early church, as it signified a break from past sins and a new beginning in Christ.

and turn back
The phrase "turn back" is derived from the Greek word "epistrephō," which means to return or to turn around. This implies not just a mental change but an active decision to return to God. In the Jewish context, this would resonate with the idea of "teshuvah," a return to God and His ways. The call to turn back is an invitation to restore a broken relationship with God, aligning one's life with His will and purposes.

so that your sins may be wiped away
The imagery of sins being "wiped away" is powerful, suggesting a complete removal or erasure. The Greek word "exaleiphō" conveys the idea of obliterating or blotting out. In ancient times, ink did not penetrate papyrus as modern ink does with paper, so it could be wiped away. This metaphor illustrates the total forgiveness and cleansing that comes through repentance and faith in Jesus Christ. It reflects the promise of a fresh start, free from the guilt and penalty of sin.

that times of refreshing may come
The "times of refreshing" refer to periods of spiritual renewal and revival. The Greek word "anapsyxis" suggests a cooling or refreshing, akin to a breath of fresh air. This phrase indicates the restorative work of the Holy Spirit in the life of a believer, bringing renewal and strength. Historically, this would have been understood as the messianic age, a time when God's presence would bring restoration and peace.

from the presence of the Lord
The "presence of the Lord" signifies the nearness and active involvement of God in the lives of His people. In the Old Testament, God's presence was often associated with the tabernacle or temple, but in the New Testament, it is through the Holy Spirit dwelling within believers. This presence brings comfort, guidance, and empowerment, fulfilling the promise of God to be with His people always. Theologically, it underscores the intimate relationship believers have with God through Jesus Christ.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Peter
One of Jesus' apostles, who is speaking to the crowd in Jerusalem after healing a lame man at the temple gate called Beautiful.

2. John
Another apostle present with Peter during this event, supporting the message and the miracle.

3. The Temple
The central place of worship in Jerusalem where the apostles often preached and performed miracles.

4. The Lame Man
A man who was healed by Peter and John, which drew the attention of the crowd and set the stage for Peter's sermon.

5. The Crowd
The Jewish people gathered at the temple who witnessed the miracle and heard Peter's call to repentance.

Teaching Points

The Call to Repentance
Repentance is a fundamental step in the Christian journey. It involves a sincere turning away from sin and turning towards God.

The Promise of Forgiveness
When we repent, God promises to wipe away our sins. This is a complete and total forgiveness that restores our relationship with Him.

Times of Refreshing
True repentance brings spiritual renewal and refreshment from the Lord. This is not just a future hope but a present reality for believers.

The Role of the Holy Spirit
The presence of the Lord, which brings refreshing, is experienced through the Holy Spirit. Believers are encouraged to seek and be filled with the Spirit.

Living a Repentant Life
Repentance is not a one-time event but a continual posture of the heart. Christians are called to live in a state of ongoing repentance and renewal.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does it mean to "repent and turn back" in the context of your daily life?

2. How can you experience the "times of refreshing" that come from the presence of the Lord?

3. In what ways does the promise of having your sins "wiped away" impact your understanding of God's grace?

4. How does the concept of repentance in Acts 3:19 connect with Jesus' teachings in the Gospels?

5. What practical steps can you take to ensure that repentance is a continual part of your spiritual journey?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Luke 24:47
Jesus instructs that repentance for the forgiveness of sins should be preached in His name to all nations, beginning at Jerusalem. This connects to Peter's call for repentance in Acts 3:19.

Isaiah 1:18
God invites His people to reason together, promising that though their sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow, which parallels the promise of sins being wiped away.

2 Chronicles 7:14
God promises healing and forgiveness if His people humble themselves, pray, seek His face, and turn from their wicked ways, similar to the call for repentance and turning back to God in Acts 3:19.

Psalm 51:10-12
David's prayer for a clean heart and renewal of spirit reflects the "times of refreshing" that come from God's presence.

Matthew 4:17
Jesus begins His ministry with a call to repentance, emphasizing its foundational importance in the Christian faith.