Tithes

The concept of tithing, or giving a tenth of one's income or produce, is deeply rooted in biblical tradition and is a practice that dates back to the Old Testament. The word "tithe" comes from the Hebrew word "ma'aser," which means "a tenth." Tithing was instituted as a way for the Israelites to support the Levitical priesthood, the temple, and the community.

Old Testament Foundations

The practice of tithing is first mentioned in Genesis 14:20, where Abram gives a tenth of everything to Melchizedek, the king of Salem and priest of God Most High. This act of giving a tenth is seen as an acknowledgment of God's provision and blessing. In Genesis 28:22, Jacob vows to give a tenth to God if He blesses and protects him.

The formalization of tithing is found in the Mosaic Law. Leviticus 27:30-32 states, "Thus any tithe of the land, whether from the seed of the land or the fruit of the trees, belongs to the LORD; it is holy to the LORD." Numbers 18:21-24 further clarifies that the tithes are given to the Levites as their inheritance in return for their service in the tent of meeting. Deuteronomy 14:22-29 outlines the use of tithes for religious festivals and to support the Levites, foreigners, orphans, and widows.

New Testament Perspective

In the New Testament, Jesus affirms the practice of tithing but emphasizes the importance of justice, mercy, and faithfulness. In Matthew 23:23, He rebukes the Pharisees for their meticulous tithing while neglecting the weightier matters of the law. The New Testament does not explicitly command tithing for Christians, but it upholds the principles of generosity and supporting the work of the ministry.

The Apostle Paul, in 1 Corinthians 9:13-14, draws a parallel between the support of the Levitical priesthood and the support of those who preach the gospel: "Do you not know that those who serve in the temple eat of its food, and those who serve at the altar partake of its offerings? In the same way, the Lord has prescribed that those who preach the gospel should receive their living from the gospel."

Special Gifts

Special gifts, often referred to as offerings, are contributions given above and beyond the tithe. These gifts are voluntary and are motivated by gratitude, love, and a desire to support God's work. The Bible provides numerous examples of special gifts and offerings.

Old Testament Examples

In Exodus 35:21-29, the Israelites bring freewill offerings for the construction of the tabernacle. The people give generously of their possessions, including gold, silver, and precious materials. This act of giving is described as being motivated by a willing heart.

The concept of special offerings is also seen in the various sacrifices and offerings prescribed in the Mosaic Law, such as burnt offerings, grain offerings, and peace offerings (Leviticus 1-7). These offerings were acts of worship and expressions of devotion to God.

New Testament Examples

In the New Testament, the early church is characterized by a spirit of generosity and sharing. Acts 4:32-37 describes how the believers shared their possessions and laid the proceeds at the apostles' feet to be distributed to anyone in need. Barnabas is specifically mentioned for selling a field and bringing the money as an offering.

The Apostle Paul encourages the Corinthian church to prepare a special gift for the believers in Jerusalem who were experiencing hardship. In 2 Corinthians 9:6-7, he writes, "Remember this: Whoever sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and whoever sows generously will also reap generously. Each one should give what he has decided in his heart to give, not out of regret or compulsion. For God loves a cheerful giver."

Principles of Giving

The Bible teaches several principles regarding tithes and special gifts. Giving should be done willingly and cheerfully, as an act of worship and gratitude to God. It should be proportionate to one's means and motivated by love and compassion for others. The ultimate purpose of giving is to honor God, support His work, and meet the needs of the community.

In summary, tithes and special gifts are integral aspects of biblical stewardship, reflecting a heart of obedience, generosity, and devotion to God. They serve as tangible expressions of faith and commitment to the advancement of God's kingdom.