Prophets

In the biblical narrative, prophets serve as God's spokespersons, delivering His messages to the people. Their role is multifaceted, encompassing foretelling future events, calling for repentance, and providing guidance and instruction. The Hebrew word for prophet, "navi," implies one who is called or appointed to speak on behalf of God.

Old Testament Prophets

The Old Testament is replete with prophets who played crucial roles in the spiritual and social life of Israel. Figures such as Moses, Samuel, Elijah, Isaiah, and Jeremiah are prominent examples. Moses is often considered the greatest of the Old Testament prophets, as he not only led the Israelites out of Egypt but also received the Law from God (Deuteronomy 34:10-12). Prophets like Isaiah and Jeremiah warned of impending judgment due to the people's disobedience and called them back to covenant faithfulness (Isaiah 1:18-20; Jeremiah 7:3-7).

Prophets were also instrumental in anointing kings and providing counsel. Samuel anointed both Saul and David as kings of Israel (1 Samuel 10:1; 16:13). The prophetic office was marked by a direct communication with God, often through visions, dreams, or divine inspiration (Numbers 12:6).

New Testament Prophets

In the New Testament, the role of prophets continues, though it evolves with the coming of Christ. John the Baptist is a pivotal prophetic figure who prepares the way for Jesus, calling for repentance and baptizing those who heed his message (Matthew 3:1-3). The New Testament church also recognizes the gift of prophecy as one of the spiritual gifts given for the edification of the church (1 Corinthians 12:10; Ephesians 4:11).

Prophets in the early church, such as Agabus, provided guidance and warnings to the believers (Acts 11:27-28; 21:10-11). The prophetic role in the New Testament emphasizes building up the church, encouraging believers, and providing insight into God's will (1 Corinthians 14:3).

Apostles

The term "apostle" comes from the Greek "apostolos," meaning "one who is sent out." Apostles are foundational figures in the establishment and spread of the early Christian church. They are chosen and commissioned by Christ to be His witnesses and to carry the gospel to the ends of the earth (Matthew 28:19-20; Acts 1:8).

The Twelve Apostles

The twelve apostles, chosen by Jesus during His earthly ministry, hold a unique place in Christian history. They are entrusted with the teachings of Christ and are witnesses to His resurrection (Acts 1:21-22). The apostles, including Peter, James, and John, are instrumental in the formation of the early church, preaching, teaching, and performing miracles in Jesus' name (Acts 2:42-43; 3:6-7).

Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles

Paul, formerly known as Saul, is a significant apostolic figure who, after his dramatic conversion, becomes the "apostle to the Gentiles" (Romans 11:13). His missionary journeys and epistles contribute extensively to the spread of Christianity and the theological foundation of the church. Paul emphasizes his apostolic authority as being directly from Christ, not from human appointment (Galatians 1:1).

Apostolic Authority and Succession

Apostolic authority is foundational for the early church, as the apostles are seen as the primary witnesses to Christ's life, death, and resurrection. Their teachings and writings form the core of the New Testament canon. The concept of apostolic succession, though interpreted differently across Christian traditions, underscores the continuity of the church's teaching and authority from the apostles to subsequent church leaders.

Prophets and Apostles Together

In the New Testament, prophets and apostles are often mentioned together as foundational to the church (Ephesians 2:20). They work in tandem to establish and build up the body of Christ, with apostles laying the groundwork and prophets providing ongoing revelation and guidance. The unity and cooperation between these roles are essential for the growth and maturity of the church (Ephesians 4:11-13).