Topical Encyclopedia
The term "The Feast" in biblical context often refers to the various feasts and festivals instituted by God for the Israelites, as recorded in the Old Testament. These feasts were not only times of celebration and remembrance but also served as prophetic symbols pointing to the coming Messiah and His redemptive work. The primary feasts are detailed in
Leviticus 23 and other parts of the Pentateuch.
1. The Feast of Passover (Pesach): The Feast of Passover commemorates the Israelites' deliverance from slavery in Egypt. It is observed on the 14th day of the first month, Nisan. The central ritual involves the sacrifice of a lamb, symbolizing the lamb whose blood marked the doorposts of the Israelites, sparing them from the plague of the firstborn. In the New Testament, Jesus is identified as the Passover Lamb, fulfilling the typology of this feast. "For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed" (
1 Corinthians 5:7).
2. The Feast of Unleavened Bread: Immediately following Passover, this seven-day feast begins on the 15th of Nisan. During this time, the Israelites were to eat unleavened bread, symbolizing the haste of their departure from Egypt and the purity required of God's people. Leaven often represents sin, and the removal of leaven from homes signifies sanctification. "On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly; you are not to do any ordinary work" (
Leviticus 23:7).
3. The Feast of Firstfruits: Celebrated on the day after the Sabbath following Passover, the Feast of Firstfruits marks the beginning of the barley harvest. The Israelites were to bring a sheaf of the first grain to the priest, who would wave it before the Lord. This feast foreshadows the resurrection of Christ, the "firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep" (
1 Corinthians 15:20).
4. The Feast of Weeks (Shavuot or Pentecost): Fifty days after the Feast of Firstfruits, the Feast of Weeks is observed. It marks the end of the grain harvest and is a time of thanksgiving for God's provision. In the New Testament, Pentecost is the day the Holy Spirit was poured out on the disciples, empowering the early church. "When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place" (
Acts 2:1).
5. The Feast of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah): On the first day of the seventh month, Tishri, the Feast of Trumpets is celebrated with the blowing of trumpets. This feast calls the people to prepare for the Day of Atonement and signifies a time of repentance. It is seen as a prophetic symbol of the future gathering of God's people. "On the first day of the seventh month, you are to have a day of rest, a sacred assembly announced by trumpet blasts" (
Leviticus 23:24).
6. The Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur): The most solemn of the feasts, the Day of Atonement occurs on the 10th day of Tishri. It is a day of fasting and repentance, where the high priest enters the Holy of Holies to make atonement for the sins of the people. This feast points to Christ's ultimate sacrifice for sin. "For on this day atonement will be made for you to cleanse you, and you will be clean from all your sins before the LORD" (
Leviticus 16:30).
7. The Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot): Beginning on the 15th day of Tishri, this seven-day feast celebrates the Israelites' journey through the wilderness and God's provision. It involves dwelling in temporary shelters, or booths, as a reminder of their dependence on God. This feast anticipates the future messianic kingdom. "On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, the LORD’s Feast of Tabernacles begins, and it continues for seven days" (
Leviticus 23:34).
These feasts collectively illustrate God's redemptive plan and His desire for His people to live in holiness and gratitude. They serve as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the hope of future fulfillment in Christ.