The cherubim are a class of angelic beings frequently mentioned in the Bible, often associated with the presence and majesty of God. Their symbolism is rich and multifaceted, reflecting various aspects of divine holiness, protection, and the mystery of God's glory.

Guardians of Sacred Spaces

One of the earliest mentions of cherubim is found in Genesis 3:24, where they are stationed at the east of the Garden of Eden, "with a flaming sword flashing back and forth to guard the way to the tree of life" . Here, cherubim symbolize the holiness of God and the separation between sinful humanity and divine perfection. Their role as guardians underscores the sanctity of God's dwelling places and His sovereign authority over access to His presence.

Throne Bearers of God

In the visions of the prophet Ezekiel, cherubim are depicted as living creatures supporting the throne of God. Ezekiel 1:5-12 describes them with four faces and four wings, moving in perfect harmony, symbolizing the omnipresence and omniscience of God. The cherubim's role as throne bearers is further emphasized in Ezekiel 10, where they are intricately involved in the divine chariot, representing God's mobility and His active engagement with the world.

Artistic Representations in the Tabernacle and Temple

The cherubim also appear prominently in the design of the Tabernacle and Solomon's Temple. In Exodus 25:18-22, God commands Moses to make two cherubim of gold for the atonement cover of the Ark of the Covenant. Their wings are to overshadow the mercy seat, symbolizing God's presence and His readiness to commune with His people. Similarly, in 1 Kings 6:23-28, Solomon's Temple features large cherubim figures in the inner sanctuary, reinforcing the idea of God's throne being among His people and His covenantal faithfulness.

Symbol of Divine Revelation and Mystery

The cherubim are often associated with the mystery of divine revelation. In the visions of the prophet Isaiah, the seraphim, a related class of heavenly beings, proclaim the holiness of God (Isaiah 6:2-3). While not identical, the cherubim share this role of declaring God's glory and holiness. Their complex and awe-inspiring appearance in biblical visions serves to remind believers of the incomprehensible nature of God and His ways.

Cherubim in the Psalms

The Psalms also reference cherubim in the context of God's kingship and power. Psalm 18:10 states, "He mounted a cherub and flew; He soared on the wings of the wind" , illustrating God's swift and sovereign intervention in the affairs of humanity. This imagery conveys the idea of God as a warrior king, riding forth to deliver His people and execute justice.

Symbol of Worship and Praise

In Revelation, the cherubim-like creatures around the throne of God are depicted as leading heavenly worship. Revelation 4:6-8 describes them as full of eyes and continuously praising God, saying, "Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is, and is to come!" . This portrayal emphasizes the role of cherubim as eternal worshipers, reflecting the ultimate purpose of all creation to glorify God.

The symbolism of cherubim throughout Scripture serves as a profound reminder of God's holiness, His protective presence, and the mystery of His divine nature. They are a testament to the majesty and glory of God, inviting believers to approach Him with reverence and awe.