Saul's public selection as king marks a significant moment in the history of Israel, as it transitions from a theocratic system of judges to a monarchy. This event is recorded in 1 Samuel 10:17-24, where the prophet Samuel gathers the people of Israel at Mizpah to reveal God's chosen king.

Context and Background

The demand for a king arose from the Israelites' desire to be like other nations, despite God's warnings about the potential consequences of monarchy (1 Samuel 8:4-20). The elders of Israel approached Samuel, expressing their wish for a king to lead them, especially in battle. Although displeased, Samuel sought the Lord's guidance, and God instructed him to heed the people's request, while also warning them of the future burdens a king would impose.

Divine Selection of Saul

Prior to the public selection, God had already chosen Saul, the son of Kish from the tribe of Benjamin, as king. Saul was described as "an impressive young man without equal among the Israelites—a head taller than any of the others" (1 Samuel 9:2). Samuel anointed Saul privately, confirming God's choice and providing him with signs to affirm his new role (1 Samuel 10:1-9).

The Assembly at Mizpah

Samuel summoned the Israelites to Mizpah, a significant location for national gatherings and religious events. Here, he reminded the people of their history, emphasizing God's deliverance from Egypt and His continued protection. Samuel then presented the people's request for a king as a rejection of God's direct rule over them (1 Samuel 10:17-19).

Casting Lots

To publicly affirm God's choice, Samuel employed the casting of lots, a common biblical method for discerning divine will. The process began with the selection of the tribe of Benjamin, followed by the clan of Matri, and finally Saul, son of Kish, was chosen (1 Samuel 10:20-21). This method underscored the belief that the decision was not random but divinely orchestrated.

Saul's Initial Hesitation

Despite being chosen, Saul was initially reluctant and hid among the supplies. His hesitation may reflect humility or fear of the immense responsibility. When he was finally brought before the people, Samuel declared, "Do you see the one the LORD has chosen? There is no one like him among all the people." The people responded with acclamation, shouting, "Long live the king!" (1 Samuel 10:24).

Significance of the Event

Saul's public selection as king was a pivotal moment that set the stage for the establishment of the Israelite monarchy. It highlighted the tension between human desires and divine will, as well as the complexities of leadership and governance. Saul's kingship, initiated by divine choice and public acclamation, would later face challenges that tested his obedience to God and his ability to lead the nation according to divine principles.