Moses, the great prophet and leader of Israel, is a central figure in the Old Testament. His impending death marks a significant transition for the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. This event is detailed primarily in the Book of Deuteronomy, where Moses delivers his final speeches and blessings to the people of Israel.

Divine Announcement of Death

The announcement of Moses' impending death is first made by God in Numbers 27:12-13 : "Then the LORD said to Moses, 'Go up this mountain of the Abarim range and see the land that I have given to the Israelites. After you have seen it, you too will be gathered to your people, as Aaron your brother was.'" This pronouncement underscores the divine decree that Moses, like his brother Aaron, will not enter the Promised Land due to his disobedience at the waters of Meribah (Numbers 20:12).

Moses' Final Acts

In Deuteronomy, Moses undertakes several key actions as he prepares for his death. He reiterates the Law to the Israelites, emphasizing the importance of obedience to God's commandments. Deuteronomy 31:1-2 states, "Then Moses went out and spoke these words to all Israel: 'I am now a hundred and twenty years old, and I am no longer able to lead you. The LORD has said to me, 'You shall not cross the Jordan.'"

Moses also appoints Joshua as his successor, ensuring that the leadership of Israel will continue under God's guidance. In Deuteronomy 31:7-8 , Moses encourages Joshua: "Be strong and courageous, for you will go with this people into the land that the LORD swore to their fathers to give them, and you shall give it to them as an inheritance. The LORD Himself goes before you; He will be with you. He will never leave you nor forsake you. Do not be afraid or discouraged."

The Song of Moses

In Deuteronomy 32, Moses delivers a prophetic song that serves as both a warning and a reminder of God's faithfulness. This song recounts the history of Israel, highlighting God's justice and mercy. It serves as a testament to the covenant relationship between God and His people.

Moses' Blessing of the Tribes

Before his death, Moses blesses the tribes of Israel, as recorded in Deuteronomy 33. Each blessing reflects the unique characteristics and future roles of the tribes within the nation of Israel. These blessings are a final act of leadership and care for the people he has led for forty years.

Moses' Death and Burial

Moses' death is recorded in Deuteronomy 34:5-6 : "So Moses the servant of the LORD died there in the land of Moab, as the LORD had said. And He buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, opposite Beth-peor; but to this day no one knows the place of his burial." The mysterious nature of Moses' burial highlights the unique relationship he had with God.

Legacy

Moses' impending death and the events surrounding it emphasize his role as a faithful servant of God, despite his human frailties. His leadership, teachings, and the Law he delivered continue to be foundational for the faith and identity of Israel. Moses is remembered as a prophet unparalleled in his intimacy with God, as noted in Deuteronomy 34:10 : "Since that time, no prophet has arisen in Israel like Moses, whom the LORD knew face to face."