The event of Jesus being anointed at Bethany is a significant moment in the New Testament, recorded in the Gospels of Matthew (26:6-13), Mark (14:3-9), and John (12:1-8). This event takes place shortly before the Passover and Jesus' crucifixion, highlighting themes of devotion, sacrifice, and foreshadowing His impending death.

Location and Context

Bethany, a village near Jerusalem, serves as the setting for this poignant event. It is the home of Lazarus, whom Jesus had raised from the dead, and his sisters, Mary and Martha. The anointing occurs in the house of Simon the leper, indicating a gathering of close followers and friends of Jesus.

The Anointing

In the Gospel of John, Mary, the sister of Lazarus, is identified as the woman who anoints Jesus. She uses "a pint of pure nard, an expensive perfume" (John 12:3) to anoint Jesus' feet, wiping them with her hair. The act is one of profound humility and devotion, as nard was a costly substance, often imported from India, and the act of using one's hair to wipe feet was a gesture of deep respect and service.

Matthew and Mark focus on the anointing of Jesus' head, emphasizing the royal and messianic implications of the act. The anointing of the head was a traditional practice for kings and priests, symbolizing consecration and divine appointment.

Reactions and Jesus' Response

The disciples, particularly Judas Iscariot, react with indignation, questioning the waste of such an expensive perfume. Judas argues that the perfume could have been sold and the money given to the poor (John 12:5). This reaction highlights a misunderstanding of the significance of the moment and foreshadows Judas' later betrayal.

Jesus defends Mary's actions, stating, "She has done a beautiful thing to Me" (Mark 14:6). He acknowledges the poor will always be present, but His time with them is limited. Jesus further explains, "She has done this to prepare My body for burial" (Matthew 26:12), indicating the prophetic nature of the anointing as a preparation for His death and burial.

Theological Significance

The anointing at Bethany is rich in theological meaning. It underscores the recognition of Jesus as the Messiah and King, worthy of honor and worship. The act of anointing prefigures His death, serving as a reminder of the sacrificial nature of His mission. It also highlights the theme of true discipleship, as Mary's act of devotion contrasts with Judas' self-interest and materialism.

Furthermore, Jesus' commendation of Mary's actions serves as a timeless testament to the value of sincere worship and the importance of prioritizing spiritual devotion over material concerns. Jesus declares, "Truly I tell you, wherever this gospel is preached in all the world, what she has done will also be told in memory of her" (Matthew 26:13), ensuring that her act of love and faithfulness is eternally remembered within the Christian tradition.