Context and Background:
The debate over bringing King David back to Jerusalem occurs in the aftermath of Absalom's rebellion, as recorded in 2 Samuel 19. Absalom, David's son, had led a revolt against his father, temporarily seizing control of the kingdom and forcing David to flee Jerusalem. Following Absalom's death, the nation of Israel faced a critical decision regarding the restoration of David to the throne.

Biblical Account:
The narrative unfolds in 2 Samuel 19:9-15. After Absalom's defeat, the tribes of Israel were in a state of confusion and division. The people began to argue among themselves about the future leadership of the nation. The Berean Standard Bible captures this moment: "And all the people throughout the tribes of Israel were arguing, saying, 'The king delivered us from the hand of our enemies, and he saved us from the hand of the Philistines. But now he has fled from the land because of Absalom.'" (2 Samuel 19:9).

The Israelites recognized David's past victories and leadership, yet they hesitated to bring him back due to the recent turmoil. The debate highlighted the tension between loyalty to the rightful king and the recent allegiance some had shown to Absalom.

David's Initiative:
David, aware of the discussions among the tribes, took proactive steps to secure his return. He sent messages to the elders of Judah, his own tribe, urging them to act swiftly: "You are my brothers, my own flesh and blood. So why should you be the last to restore the king?" (2 Samuel 19:12). David's appeal to kinship and loyalty was a strategic move to ensure his reinstatement.

Role of Amasa and Joab:
In a surprising political maneuver, David replaced Joab with Amasa as commander of the army. Amasa had been Absalom's general, and this appointment was likely intended to unify the kingdom by reconciling former adversaries. David's decision demonstrated his willingness to forgive and integrate those who had opposed him, aiming to restore national unity.

Judah's Response:
The tribe of Judah responded positively to David's overtures, as recorded in 2 Samuel 19:14: "So he swayed the hearts of all the men of Judah as though they were one man, and they sent word to the king: 'Return, you and all your servants.'" . Judah's support was crucial, as it paved the way for David's return to Jerusalem.

Significance:
The debate over bringing David back underscores the complexities of leadership and loyalty in ancient Israel. It highlights the challenges faced by a nation in transition, grappling with issues of legitimacy, forgiveness, and reconciliation. David's return marked the restoration of the divinely appointed monarchy, reaffirming God's covenant with David and his descendants.

Theological Implications:
From a theological perspective, this episode illustrates the themes of repentance, restoration, and divine providence. David's return to power, despite his previous failures and the rebellion of his son, reflects God's enduring faithfulness to His promises. It serves as a reminder of the importance of seeking God's guidance in times of national and personal crisis.

Conclusion:
The debate over bringing David back to Jerusalem is a pivotal moment in Israel's history, reflecting the nation's struggle with leadership and unity. David's strategic actions and the eventual support of Judah highlight the complexities of governance and the enduring significance of God's covenant with David.