The Instructions to the Tribes refer to the specific directives and guidelines given to the twelve tribes of Israel throughout the Old Testament. These instructions were pivotal in shaping the identity, governance, and spiritual life of the Israelites as God's chosen people. The instructions were delivered through various leaders, including Moses, Joshua, and other prophets, and are primarily found in the Pentateuch and the historical books of the Old Testament.

Mosaic Instructions

The foundation of the instructions to the tribes is laid in the Mosaic Law, given by God through Moses. The Law encompasses moral, ceremonial, and civil regulations that were to govern the life of the Israelites. In Deuteronomy 33, Moses delivers blessings and specific instructions to each tribe before his death. For example, he speaks to the tribe of Levi, emphasizing their role in teaching the law and serving in the sanctuary: "They shall teach Your ordinances to Jacob and Your law to Israel. They shall set incense before You and whole burnt offerings on Your altar" (Deuteronomy 33:10).

Instructions in the Promised Land

Upon entering the Promised Land, Joshua, as Moses' successor, reiterates and expands upon these instructions. The division of the land among the tribes is a significant aspect of these directives, as seen in the book of Joshua. Each tribe receives a specific inheritance, with boundaries clearly defined. Joshua 18:3-4 records Joshua's exhortation to the Israelites: "How long will you put off entering and taking possession of the land that the LORD, the God of your fathers, has given you? Appoint three men from each tribe. I will send them out to survey the land and write a description of it according to their inheritance."

Judicial and Leadership Instructions

The tribes were also given instructions regarding leadership and justice. The appointment of judges and leaders was crucial for maintaining order and righteousness. In Exodus 18:21, Moses is advised to select capable men who fear God, are trustworthy, and hate dishonest gain to serve as leaders over the people. This principle of godly leadership is echoed throughout the history of Israel.

Instructions for Worship and Community Life

The instructions also encompassed guidelines for worship and community life. The centrality of the Tabernacle, and later the Temple, as the place of worship was emphasized. The tribes were instructed to gather for the major feasts and to bring their offerings and sacrifices to the designated place of worship. Leviticus 23 outlines the appointed feasts and the manner in which they were to be observed, serving as a unifying factor for the tribes.

Prophetic Instructions and Warnings

Throughout Israel's history, prophets were sent to remind the tribes of their covenantal obligations and to call them back to faithfulness. The prophetic books contain numerous instructions and warnings, urging the tribes to adhere to God's commands and to avoid idolatry and injustice. The prophets often addressed specific tribes, highlighting their unique roles and responsibilities within the nation.

Conclusion

The Instructions to the Tribes are a testament to God's desire for order, holiness, and community among His people. They reflect the covenant relationship between God and Israel and serve as a guide for living in accordance with His will. These instructions, while specific to the historical context of the Israelites, continue to offer insights into the nature of God's expectations for His people.