Biblical Context:
Ziba is a character mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically in the books of 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. He is introduced as a servant of Saul's household and later becomes associated with King David. Ziba's account is primarily found in 2 Samuel 9 and 2 Samuel 16, where he plays a significant role in the narrative concerning Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan and grandson of Saul.

Scriptural References:
In 2 Samuel 9:2, Ziba is described as a servant of the house of Saul. When King David seeks to show kindness to the house of Saul for Jonathan's sake, Ziba is summoned to provide information about any surviving members of Saul's family. Ziba informs David about Mephibosheth, who is then brought to David's court and shown favor.

Later, in 2 Samuel 16:1-4, during Absalom's rebellion, Ziba meets David with provisions as the king flees Jerusalem. Ziba claims that Mephibosheth has stayed in Jerusalem, hoping to regain his grandfather's kingdom. In response, David grants Ziba all of Mephibosheth's possessions. However, the truthfulness of Ziba's account is later questioned when Mephibosheth provides his side of the account upon David's return (2 Samuel 19:24-30).

Fifteen Sons and Twenty Servants:
The mention of Ziba's fifteen sons and twenty servants is found in 2 Samuel 9:10. After David decides to show kindness to Mephibosheth, he instructs Ziba, "You and your sons and your servants are to work the land for him and bring in the harvest, so that your master’s grandson may have food to eat. But Mephibosheth, your master’s grandson, will always eat at my table." This passage highlights the extent of Ziba's household and his resources, indicating his significant status and capability to manage the land on behalf of Mephibosheth.

Theological Implications:
Ziba's account raises questions about loyalty, integrity, and the complexities of human relationships. His actions during Absalom's rebellion suggest a pragmatic approach to survival and advancement, which may or may not align with ethical conduct. The narrative invites readers to consider the motives behind Ziba's actions and the consequences of his decisions.

From a theological perspective, the account of Ziba and his household serves as a reminder of God's providence and the fulfillment of promises. Despite the political turmoil and personal ambitions, God's covenantal faithfulness to Jonathan's lineage is upheld through David's kindness to Mephibosheth. Ziba's role, whether viewed positively or negatively, is part of the larger divine narrative that underscores God's sovereignty and the unfolding of His plans through human history.

Historical and Cultural Insights:
In the ancient Near Eastern context, having a large household with numerous sons and servants was a sign of wealth and influence. Ziba's ability to manage such a household suggests that he was a man of considerable means and authority. This background provides insight into the social and economic structures of the time, where land ownership and agricultural productivity were central to sustaining one's status and livelihood.

Ziba's interactions with David and Mephibosheth also reflect the complex dynamics of loyalty and power in the royal court. As a former servant of Saul's house, Ziba's allegiance to David and his actions during the political upheaval illustrate the shifting loyalties that were common in the ancient monarchies.

Conclusion:
The account of Ziba, his fifteen sons, and twenty servants offers a multifaceted glimpse into the historical, cultural, and theological dimensions of the biblical narrative. Through Ziba's account, readers are encouraged to reflect on the nature of service, the challenges of integrity, and the enduring faithfulness of God amidst human frailty.