Introduction

Approaching God's presence is a central theme in the Bible, reflecting the relationship between the Creator and His creation. Throughout Scripture, the manner in which individuals and communities approach God is depicted with reverence, awe, and a deep sense of holiness. This entry explores the biblical understanding of approaching God's presence, highlighting key passages and theological insights.

Old Testament Context

In the Old Testament, God's presence is often associated with specific locations and rituals. The Tabernacle and later the Temple in Jerusalem were central places where God's presence dwelled among His people. Exodus 25:8-9 states, "Then have them make a sanctuary for Me, so that I may dwell among them. You must make the tabernacle and all its furnishings according to the pattern I will show you."

The approach to God's presence was governed by strict laws and rituals, emphasizing the holiness of God. The High Priest, representing the people, could enter the Most Holy Place only once a year on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), as described in Leviticus 16. This underscores the separation between a holy God and sinful humanity, necessitating atonement and purification.

The Role of Sacrifices

Sacrifices played a crucial role in approaching God's presence. Leviticus 17:11 explains, "For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you on the altar to make atonement for your souls; for it is the blood that makes atonement for the soul." The sacrificial system was a means of cleansing and consecration, allowing the Israelites to draw near to God.

Theophanies and Divine Encounters

Throughout the Old Testament, there are instances of theophanies—manifestations of God's presence. Moses' encounter with God at the burning bush (Exodus 3) and Isaiah's vision of the Lord in the temple (Isaiah 6) are profound examples. These encounters often resulted in a commissioning or transformation, highlighting the transformative power of God's presence.

New Testament Fulfillment

In the New Testament, the approach to God's presence is transformed through the person and work of Jesus Christ. John 1:14 declares, "The Word became flesh and made His dwelling among us. We have seen His glory, the glory of the one and only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth." Jesus, as God incarnate, embodies the presence of God among humanity.

Through His sacrificial death and resurrection, Jesus provides believers with direct access to God. Hebrews 10:19-22 states, "Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the Most Holy Place by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way opened for us through the curtain of His body, and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith."

The Role of the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit plays a vital role in the believer's approach to God's presence. The Spirit indwells believers, making them temples of the living God (1 Corinthians 6:19). This indwelling presence empowers and guides believers in their relationship with God, enabling them to live in accordance with His will.

Worship and Prayer

Worship and prayer are essential practices in approaching God's presence. Jesus teaches in John 4:23-24 , "But a time is coming and has now come when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father is seeking such as these to worship Him. God is Spirit, and His worshipers must worship Him in spirit and in truth." Worship is a response to God's holiness and grace, while prayer is a means of communication and communion with God.

Eschatological Hope

The ultimate fulfillment of approaching God's presence is found in the eschatological hope of the new creation. Revelation 21:3 proclaims, "And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, 'Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man, and He will dwell with them. They will be His people, and God Himself will be with them as their God.'" This future reality promises an eternal, unmediated presence of God with His people.