On that day
This phrase is a prophetic marker often used in the Old Testament to denote a significant future event, usually associated with divine intervention or fulfillment of God's promises. In the context of Zechariah, "that day" refers to the eschatological future when God will act decisively in history. The Hebrew term "yom" (day) is used here, emphasizing a specific time appointed by God. This phrase sets the stage for a transformative event, highlighting the certainty and divine orchestration of what is to come.

a fountain will be opened
The imagery of a "fountain" suggests an abundant and continuous source of cleansing and life. In Hebrew, the word "maqor" (fountain) conveys the idea of a spring or source of water, symbolizing purification and renewal. This metaphor is rich with theological significance, pointing to the cleansing power of God's grace. The opening of the fountain signifies the accessibility and sufficiency of God's provision for cleansing from sin. Historically, fountains were vital for sustaining life in arid regions, underscoring the necessity and preciousness of this divine provision.

to the house of David
The "house of David" refers to the royal lineage of King David, from which the Messiah was prophesied to come. This phrase underscores the fulfillment of God's covenantal promises to David, as seen in 2 Samuel 7:12-16. The mention of David's house highlights the messianic hope and the restoration of the Davidic kingdom. It signifies that the cleansing and renewal promised by God are intimately connected to the messianic mission and the establishment of God's kingdom through the line of David.

and the residents of Jerusalem
This phrase expands the scope of the promise to include not only the royal lineage but also the inhabitants of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, as the spiritual and political center of Israel, represents the people of God. The inclusion of the residents signifies the communal aspect of God's redemptive work. It emphasizes that the cleansing is not limited to a select few but is available to all who dwell in the city, symbolizing the broader reach of God's salvation to His people.

to cleanse them from sin and impurity
The purpose of the fountain is explicitly stated: "to cleanse them from sin and impurity." The Hebrew word for "cleanse" is "taher," which means to purify or make clean. This cleansing is both moral and spiritual, addressing the deep-seated issue of sin ("chatta'ah") and impurity ("niddah"). The dual mention of sin and impurity highlights the comprehensive nature of God's redemptive work, which not only forgives transgressions but also purifies from defilement. This promise points to the ultimate fulfillment in the New Testament through the atoning work of Jesus Christ, who provides the means for true and lasting purification for all believers.

And on that day
This phrase is a prophetic marker often used in the Old Testament to denote a future time of divine intervention or fulfillment of God's promises. In Hebrew, "that day" (בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא) signifies a specific, significant time when God acts decisively. It is a reminder of God's sovereignty and the certainty of His plans. The phrase sets the stage for a transformative event, emphasizing the eschatological hope that God will bring about a new order.

declares the LORD of Hosts
The title "LORD of Hosts" (יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת) underscores God's supreme authority and power. "Hosts" refers to the heavenly armies, indicating God's command over all spiritual and earthly forces. This declaration assures the reader of the divine origin and authority of the prophecy. It is a comforting reminder that the promises and actions described are backed by the omnipotent Creator, who is both a warrior and protector of His people.

I will erase the names of the idols from the land
The act of erasing (הִכְרַתִּ֤י) signifies a complete removal or obliteration. In ancient Near Eastern culture, names held power and significance; thus, erasing the names of idols implies their total eradication and loss of influence. Idolatry was a persistent issue for Israel, often leading them away from God. This promise reflects God's commitment to purify His people and restore true worship. It is a call to spiritual renewal and a return to monotheistic devotion.

and they will no longer be remembered
Forgetting (לֹ֥א יִזָּכְר֖וּ) the idols indicates a profound transformation in the collective memory and culture of the people. In biblical terms, to remember is to act upon or give significance to something. Thus, the absence of remembrance signifies a break from past sins and a new identity centered on God. This phrase offers hope for a future where the distractions and deceptions of false gods are no longer present.

I will also remove the prophets and the spirit of impurity from the land
The removal (וְגַ֨ם אֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֜ים) of false prophets and the spirit of impurity (רוּחַ הַטֻּמְאָ֖ה) highlights God's intention to cleanse His people from misleading influences and moral corruption. Prophets in ancient Israel were meant to be God's mouthpieces, but false prophets led the people astray. The "spirit of impurity" refers to the pervasive influence of sin and idolatry. This promise of purification is a precursor to the New Covenant, where God's Spirit would dwell within His people, guiding them in truth and holiness. It is an assurance of God's active role in sanctifying His people, preparing them for a restored relationship with Him.

And if anyone still prophesies
This phrase indicates a future scenario where false prophecy persists despite divine warnings. The Hebrew root for "prophesies" is "נָבָא" (naba), which traditionally means to speak or sing by inspiration. In the context of Zechariah, it suggests a continuation of unauthorized or false declarations, which were prevalent in Israel's history. The persistence of false prophecy highlights the challenge of discerning true divine messages, a theme echoed throughout the Old Testament.

his father and mother who bore him
The mention of "father and mother" underscores the gravity of the situation. In ancient Israel, family bonds were sacred, and parents were seen as protectors and nurturers. The Hebrew words "אָב" (av) for father and "אֵם" (em) for mother emphasize the natural familial duty to guide and protect their offspring. This phrase suggests a radical shift in priorities, where allegiance to God supersedes even the closest human relationships, reflecting the seriousness of maintaining spiritual purity.

will say to him, ‘You must live, because you have spoken falsely in the name of the LORD.’
This statement is a declaration of judgment. The phrase "spoken falsely" comes from the Hebrew "שֶׁקֶר" (sheker), meaning deceit or falsehood. Speaking falsely in God's name is a severe offense, as it misleads the community and dishonors God. The parents' pronouncement reflects a commitment to truth and righteousness, even at the cost of familial ties. It underscores the importance of upholding God's honor above all else, a principle deeply rooted in the Mosaic Law.

When he prophesies, his own parents will stab him
The act of "stabbing" is a metaphor for the severe consequences of false prophecy. The Hebrew verb "דָּקַר" (dakar) means to pierce or thrust through, indicating a decisive and irreversible action. This imagery conveys the seriousness with which false prophecy is to be dealt with, reflecting the community's responsibility to eradicate falsehood to preserve the integrity of their faith. It serves as a sobering reminder of the cost of spiritual deception and the necessity of upholding divine truth.

And on that day
This phrase refers to a specific time of divine intervention and judgment, often associated with "the Day of the Lord" in prophetic literature. In the context of Zechariah, it points to a future time when God will purify His people and eliminate falsehood. The Hebrew word for "day" (יוֹם, yom) can signify a literal day or an extended period, emphasizing the certainty and significance of God's action.

every prophet
The term "prophet" (נָבִיא, navi) traditionally denotes someone who speaks on behalf of God. However, in this context, it refers to false prophets who have misled the people. The comprehensive nature of "every" indicates a complete purging of deceitful voices, underscoring God's commitment to truth and righteousness.

will be ashamed
The Hebrew root for "ashamed" (בּוֹשׁ, bosh) conveys a deep sense of disgrace and humiliation. This shame arises from the exposure of falsehood and the realization of having misrepresented God's word. It reflects a divine reversal where deceit is brought to light, and truth prevails.

of his vision
A "vision" (חָזוֹן, chazon) in biblical terms is a divine revelation or message. Here, it refers to the false visions proclaimed by deceitful prophets. The shame associated with these visions highlights their lack of divine origin and the ultimate futility of opposing God's truth.

when he prophesies
The act of prophesying (נָבָא, nava) involves declaring a message believed to be from God. In this verse, it underscores the false prophets' continued attempts to deceive, even as their shame becomes evident. This persistence in falsehood contrasts with the genuine prophetic call to speak truth.

he will not put on a hairy cloak
The "hairy cloak" (אַדֶּרֶת שֵׂעָר, aderet se'ar) was a garment traditionally worn by prophets, symbolizing their role and authority. By stating that false prophets will no longer don this cloak, the verse signifies the end of their deception and the stripping away of their false authority.

in order to deceive
The purpose of wearing the cloak was "to deceive" (לְכַחֵשׁ, lechachesh), indicating intentional deceit and manipulation. This phrase highlights the moral corruption of false prophets and the seriousness of their offense against God and His people. The removal of their deceptive practices signifies a restoration of integrity and truth within the community.

He will say
This phrase indicates a declaration or confession. In the Hebrew text, the verb used here is "אָמַר" (amar), which is a common term for speaking or saying. The context suggests a renunciation or denial of a previous identity or role. Historically, this reflects a time of purification and truth, where false prophets are exposed and must confess their true nature. This aligns with the broader biblical theme of repentance and turning away from falsehood.

I am not a prophet
The denial of being a prophet is significant. The Hebrew word for prophet is "נָבִיא" (navi), which traditionally refers to someone who speaks on behalf of God. In the context of Zechariah, this statement is part of a larger narrative where false prophets are being unmasked. This reflects a period of spiritual renewal and authenticity, where individuals can no longer hide behind false claims of divine inspiration.

I am a farmer
The term "farmer" here is translated from the Hebrew "אִישׁ עֹבֵד אֲדָמָה" (ish oved adamah), literally "a man working the ground." This phrase emphasizes humility and a return to honest labor. In biblical times, farming was a common and respected occupation, symbolizing a connection to the land and a life of simplicity and integrity. This contrasts with the often lofty and sometimes deceitful claims of false prophets.

The land has been my livelihood
The Hebrew word for "land" is "אֲדָמָה" (adamah), which is also the root for the name "Adam," the first man, emphasizing humanity's connection to the earth. The phrase suggests a life sustained by honest work and a reliance on God's provision through the land. This acknowledgment of the land as a source of sustenance reflects a biblical worldview that values stewardship and the blessings of creation.

since my youth
This phrase indicates a lifelong commitment and consistency in one's vocation. The Hebrew word for "youth" is "נְעוּרִים" (ne'urim), which often denotes a time of learning and growth. By stating that the land has been his livelihood since youth, the speaker emphasizes a long-standing dedication to a simple, honest life, contrasting with the fleeting and deceptive nature of false prophecy. This highlights the biblical principle of faithfulness and integrity over time.

And if someone asks him
This phrase introduces a hypothetical scenario, suggesting a future inquiry. The Hebrew word for "asks" (שָׁאַל, sha'al) implies a seeking of understanding or clarification. In the context of Zechariah, this inquiry is significant as it points to a time of revelation and truth. Historically, this reflects a period when false prophets will be exposed, and the truth will be sought earnestly by the people.

‘What are these wounds on your chest?’
The "wounds" (מַכּוֹת, makkot) mentioned here are indicative of physical marks or scars. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, such wounds could be associated with rituals or self-inflicted injuries related to idolatrous practices. The "chest" (בֵּין יָדֶיךָ, bein yadeikha) literally translates to "between your hands," often interpreted as the chest or body. This imagery evokes a sense of personal and intimate injury, suggesting a deeper spiritual or relational betrayal.

he will answer
The response given is crucial, as it reveals the heart and truth of the matter. The Hebrew root for "answer" (עָנָה, anah) conveys a reply or testimony, often used in contexts where truth is being revealed or confessed. This sets the stage for a moment of honesty and revelation, aligning with the prophetic theme of repentance and acknowledgment of past errors.

‘The wounds I received
The phrase "I received" (הִכּוּנִי, hikkuni) indicates a passive reception of these wounds, suggesting that they were inflicted by others. This can be seen as a metaphor for the consequences of sin or the betrayal by those once trusted. In a broader theological context, it reflects the suffering endured by Christ, who bore wounds for humanity's transgressions.

in the house of my friends.’
The "house of my friends" (בֵּית מְאַהֲבַי, beit me'ahavai) is a poignant phrase, highlighting the betrayal by those who were close and trusted. This echoes the betrayal of Jesus by Judas, one of His own disciples, fulfilling the prophetic imagery of being wounded in the house of friends. Historically, this underscores the theme of internal strife and the pain of betrayal within the community of believers, calling for introspection and reconciliation.

Awake, O sword
The phrase "Awake, O sword" is a divine command, indicating the initiation of judgment or action. In the Hebrew context, the "sword" often symbolizes divine judgment or warfare. Here, it is personified and called to action by God Himself. This reflects the seriousness and inevitability of the forthcoming event. The sword's awakening signifies a pivotal moment in God's redemptive plan, where divine justice and mercy intersect.

against My Shepherd
"My Shepherd" refers to a divinely appointed leader or figure, often interpreted as a messianic prophecy pointing to Jesus Christ. In the Hebrew tradition, a shepherd symbolizes guidance, care, and leadership. The possessive "My" emphasizes the close relationship and divine appointment of this shepherd. Historically, shepherds were vital to the community, and their role as protectors and guides is a recurring biblical theme, underscoring the gravity of the shepherd being struck.

against the man who is My Companion
The term "Companion" in Hebrew can denote a close associate or equal, suggesting a profound relationship between God and this individual. This phrase highlights the unique and intimate connection between God and the shepherd, further supporting the messianic interpretation. The use of "man" emphasizes the humanity of this figure, aligning with the Christian belief in the incarnation of Christ, who is both fully God and fully man.

declares the LORD of Hosts
This declaration comes from the "LORD of Hosts," a title that underscores God's supreme authority and command over heavenly armies. It reinforces the divine origin and authority of the prophecy. The phrase assures the reader of the certainty and power behind the words, as they are not merely human predictions but divine decrees from the sovereign Creator.

Strike the Shepherd
The command to "Strike the Shepherd" is a prophetic foretelling of the suffering and crucifixion of Jesus Christ. In the New Testament, this is directly referenced in the Gospels, where Jesus applies it to Himself (Matthew 26:31, Mark 14:27). The striking of the shepherd is a necessary part of God's redemptive plan, illustrating the sacrificial role of Christ as the Good Shepherd who lays down His life for the sheep.

and the sheep will be scattered
The scattering of the sheep symbolizes the dispersion and confusion of Christ's followers after His arrest and crucifixion. In a broader sense, it reflects the vulnerability of believers without their shepherd. Historically, this scattering was evident in the disciples' initial fear and disbandment. Yet, it also sets the stage for the eventual gathering and strengthening of the early Church through the Holy Spirit.

and I will turn My hand against the little ones
This phrase can be interpreted as a continuation of judgment or discipline, possibly referring to the trials faced by the early followers of Christ. The "little ones" may symbolize the disciples or the nascent Christian community. However, from a redemptive perspective, this turning of God's hand also implies His eventual protection and guidance, as seen in the growth and perseverance of the Church despite persecution. The phrase serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the refining process of His people through trials.

And in all the land
The phrase "in all the land" refers to the entirety of the nation of Israel. The Hebrew word for "land" is "eretz," which can mean earth, land, or country. In this context, it signifies the geographical and spiritual realm of Israel, emphasizing the comprehensive nature of the prophecy. Historically, this indicates a time of significant trial and purification for the people of Israel, a theme consistent with the prophetic literature that often speaks of judgment and restoration.

declares the LORD
This phrase underscores the authority and certainty of the prophecy. The Hebrew word for "declares" is "ne'um," which is often used in prophetic literature to introduce a divine pronouncement. The use of "LORD" (YHWH) highlights the covenantal relationship between God and Israel, reminding the reader of God's sovereignty and faithfulness. This declaration is not merely a prediction but a divine decree that will surely come to pass.

two-thirds will be cut off and perish
The imagery of "two-thirds" being "cut off and perish" is stark and sobering. The Hebrew word for "cut off" is "karath," which can mean to cut down or destroy. This indicates a severe judgment that results in the loss of a significant portion of the population. Historically, this could be seen as a reference to the various calamities that befell Israel, including invasions and exiles. Spiritually, it serves as a warning of the consequences of disobedience and the seriousness of divine judgment.

but a third will be left in it
The phrase "a third will be left in it" offers a glimmer of hope amidst the judgment. The Hebrew word for "left" is "yathar," which means to remain or be left over. This remnant theology is a recurring theme in the Bible, where a faithful remnant is preserved by God despite widespread judgment. This remnant is often seen as the seed for future restoration and blessing, highlighting God's mercy and the hope of redemption. Theologically, it points to the idea that God always preserves a people for Himself, even in times of great trial.

This third I will bring through the fire
The phrase "This third" refers to a remnant, a concept deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition where God preserves a faithful group through trials. The "fire" symbolizes purification and testing, akin to the refining process of precious metals. In the Hebrew context, fire often represents divine judgment and purification (Malachi 3:2-3). This imagery suggests that God allows His people to undergo trials to purify and strengthen their faith, much like a refiner purifies silver by removing impurities.

I will refine them like silver
The refining of silver involves intense heat to separate impurities, a metaphor for God's sanctifying work in His people. The Hebrew word for "refine" (צָרַף, tsaraph) implies a process of purification and testing. Historically, silver refining was a meticulous process, requiring skill and patience, reflecting God's careful and intentional work in the lives of believers. This process is not punitive but transformative, aiming to produce holiness and righteousness.

and test them like gold
Testing gold involves similar processes to silver, emphasizing the value and purity of the end product. The Hebrew word for "test" (בָּחַן, bachan) suggests examination and proving. Gold, being more valuable than silver, indicates the preciousness of God's people in His sight. This testing is a divine assurance that the faith of believers, though tested by fire, is more precious than gold (1 Peter 1:7).

They will call on My name
Calling on God's name signifies a relationship and reliance on Him. In Hebrew culture, a name represents character and authority. To "call on My name" implies invoking God's presence and power, acknowledging His sovereignty and seeking His intervention. This act of calling is a response to God's refining work, demonstrating trust and dependence on Him.

and I will answer them
God's promise to answer reflects His faithfulness and readiness to respond to His people's cries. The assurance of divine response is a recurring theme in Scripture, emphasizing God's attentiveness and willingness to engage with those who seek Him (Jeremiah 33:3). This interaction underscores a covenant relationship where God is actively involved in the lives of His people.

I will say, ‘They are My people,’
This declaration reaffirms the covenant relationship between God and His people. The phrase "My people" echoes the covenant language found throughout the Old Testament (Exodus 6:7). It signifies belonging, identity, and divine ownership. God's acknowledgment of His people is a testament to His grace and commitment to those who have been refined and tested.

and they will say, ‘The LORD is our God.’
The reciprocal response, "The LORD is our God," signifies the people's acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and their allegiance to Him. This mutual recognition completes the covenant relationship, where both parties affirm their commitment to one another. It reflects a restored and intimate relationship, characterized by faithfulness and worship.