Revelation 18:10

In fear of her torment, they will stand at a distance and cry out: "Woe, woe to the great city, the mighty city of Babylon! For in a single hour your judgment has come."

Study Bible

In fear of her torment
This phrase captures the overwhelming dread and terror that grips those who witness the judgment upon Babylon. The Greek word for "fear" here is "phobos," which conveys a sense of panic and alarm. Historically, Babylon represents a system of worldly power and corruption, and its downfall is a divine act of justice. The "torment" refers to the severe and righteous punishment that God administers. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of sin and the ultimate authority of God over all earthly powers.

they will stand at a distance
The imagery of standing "at a distance" suggests both physical separation and a desire to avoid sharing in Babylon's fate. The Greek word "makrothen" implies a safe distance, highlighting the instinct to self-preserve in the face of divine retribution. This reflects the human tendency to distance oneself from judgment, yet it also underscores the inevitability of God's justice reaching all, regardless of attempts to evade it.

and cry out
The act of crying out is one of desperation and helplessness. The Greek "kraugazo" indicates a loud, urgent shout, often associated with distress. This outcry is not just a lament for Babylon's fall but also an acknowledgment of the power and finality of God's judgment. It serves as a call to repentance and a recognition of the futility of opposing God's will.

Woe, woe to the great city
The repetition of "woe" emphasizes the severity and certainty of Babylon's destruction. In biblical literature, "woe" is a pronouncement of impending doom and sorrow. The "great city" symbolizes not just a physical location but an entire system of rebellion against God. This lament echoes the prophetic tradition, where cities and nations are often personified and judged for their iniquities.

the mighty city
Describing Babylon as "mighty" highlights its former power and influence. The Greek word "ischyros" denotes strength and might, yet this strength is shown to be futile against the sovereignty of God. Historically, Babylon was a symbol of human achievement and pride, yet its downfall illustrates the transient nature of earthly power compared to the eternal kingdom of God.

For in a single hour
The phrase "in a single hour" underscores the suddenness and swiftness of Babylon's judgment. The Greek "mia hora" conveys the idea of an unexpected and rapid event. This serves as a warning of the unpredictability of God's timing and the importance of being spiritually prepared. It reflects the biblical theme that God's intervention can be both immediate and decisive.

your judgment has come
The finality of "your judgment has come" signifies the completion of God's righteous verdict. The Greek "krisis" refers to a legal decision or decree, emphasizing the justice and authority of God's actions. This judgment is not arbitrary but is the culmination of Babylon's persistent rebellion and sin. It serves as a powerful reminder of the ultimate accountability all will face before God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Babylon
Symbolic of a powerful, corrupt system or city that opposes God. In the context of Revelation, it represents the epitome of worldly power and immorality.

2. The Kings of the Earth
These are the rulers and leaders who have aligned themselves with Babylon, benefiting from its wealth and power but now witnessing its downfall.

3. Judgment
The divine retribution that comes upon Babylon, signifying God's ultimate authority and justice over human pride and sin.

4. Torment
The suffering and destruction that Babylon faces as a result of its sins and rebellion against God.

5. The Great City
A reference to Babylon, emphasizing its perceived strength and influence, which is ultimately shown to be fragile and temporary.

Teaching Points

The Illusion of Worldly Power
Babylon's fall reminds us that worldly power and wealth are temporary and ultimately subject to God's authority.

The Certainty of Divine Judgment
God's judgment is certain and will come swiftly, as seen in the "single hour" of Babylon's downfall. We must live in readiness and righteousness.

The Consequences of Sin
Babylon's torment is a direct result of its sin and rebellion. This serves as a warning to turn away from sin and seek God's forgiveness.

The Fear of the Lord
The fear experienced by the kings of the earth highlights the importance of fearing God rather than man, recognizing His ultimate power and justice.

Separation from Worldly Systems
Believers are called to separate themselves from corrupt systems like Babylon, living in holiness and obedience to God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the fall of Babylon in Revelation 18:10 serve as a warning to modern societies and individuals?

2. In what ways can we identify "Babylon" in today's world, and how should Christians respond to its influence?

3. How does the suddenness of Babylon's judgment challenge us to live with an eternal perspective?

4. What lessons can we learn from the fear and lament of the kings of the earth regarding misplaced trust in worldly power?

5. How do the prophecies in Isaiah and Jeremiah about Babylon's fall enhance our understanding of Revelation 18:10?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 13-14
These chapters prophesy the fall of Babylon, drawing parallels to the judgment described in Revelation 18.

Jeremiah 50-51
These chapters also speak of Babylon's destruction, highlighting God's judgment against nations that oppose Him.

Daniel 5
The fall of historical Babylon under King Belshazzar serves as a precursor to the symbolic fall of Babylon in Revelation.

Matthew 24:36-44
Jesus speaks of the suddenness of God's judgment, similar to the "single hour" in which Babylon's judgment comes.