Numbers 3:3

These were Aaron's sons, the anointed priests, who were ordained to serve as priests.

Study Bible

These were the names of Aaron’s sons
This phrase introduces the lineage of Aaron, the first high priest of Israel, emphasizing the importance of family and heritage in the priestly duties. In the Hebrew context, names often carry significant meanings and are seen as a reflection of character or destiny. Aaron's sons, Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar, were set apart for a sacred purpose, highlighting the divine selection and continuity of the priestly line. This underscores the importance of legacy and the transmission of faith and duty from one generation to the next.

the anointed priests
The term "anointed" comes from the Hebrew word "mashach," which means to smear or consecrate with oil. Anointing was a symbolic act of setting someone apart for a holy purpose, signifying the empowerment and presence of the Holy Spirit. In the ancient Near Eastern context, anointing was a common practice for kings and priests, marking them as chosen by God. This phrase emphasizes the sacredness of the priestly office and the divine authority bestowed upon Aaron's sons to mediate between God and the people.

who were ordained
The word "ordained" in Hebrew is "millu," which means to fill or consecrate. This term indicates a formal ceremony of consecration, where the priests were fully dedicated to their service. The ordination process involved rituals that symbolized purification and preparation for their holy duties. Historically, this reflects the structured and solemn nature of religious service in ancient Israel, where ordination was not just a human appointment but a divine commissioning.

to serve as priests
The role of the priest, or "kohen" in Hebrew, was to act as an intermediary between God and the Israelites. Priests were responsible for performing sacrifices, maintaining the sanctuary, and teaching the law. This phrase highlights the service aspect of the priesthood, emphasizing humility, dedication, and the responsibility to lead the people in worship and obedience to God. The priestly service was a calling that required a life of holiness and devotion, reflecting the character of God to the community.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Aaron
The brother of Moses and the first high priest of Israel. He was chosen by God to lead the priesthood and serve as a mediator between God and the Israelites.

2. Sons of Aaron
The verse specifically refers to Aaron's sons who were anointed and ordained as priests. This includes Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar, though Nadab and Abihu later died due to offering unauthorized fire before the Lord.

3. Anointed Priests
This refers to the special consecration and setting apart of Aaron's sons for the priestly duties. Anointing with oil was a significant ritual symbolizing the Holy Spirit's empowerment and God's selection.

4. Ordination
The process by which Aaron's sons were officially appointed to serve as priests. This involved specific rituals and sacrifices as outlined in the Mosaic Law.

5. Priestly Service
The duties and responsibilities assigned to the priests, including offering sacrifices, maintaining the tabernacle, and teaching the Israelites God's laws.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Divine Calling
Just as Aaron's sons were specifically chosen and anointed for their roles, believers today are called to recognize and honor God's calling in their lives.

Holiness in Service
The anointing and ordination of Aaron's sons remind us of the need for holiness and reverence in serving God. Our service should be marked by obedience and respect for God's commands.

The Role of Spiritual Leadership
Aaron and his sons were spiritual leaders for Israel. This underscores the responsibility of leaders today to guide others in truth and righteousness.

The Consequences of Disobedience
The account of Nadab and Abihu serves as a warning about the seriousness of disobedience and the need to approach God with reverence and respect.

Christ as Our High Priest
The priesthood of Aaron points forward to Jesus Christ, our ultimate High Priest, who intercedes for us and provides a way to approach God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the anointing of Aaron's sons as priests reflect God's plan for spiritual leadership in the community of believers today?

2. In what ways can we ensure that our service to God is marked by holiness and reverence, similar to the expectations for the priests?

3. How does the account of Nadab and Abihu serve as a cautionary tale for us in our spiritual walk and service?

4. What parallels can we draw between the priesthood of Aaron and the high priesthood of Jesus as described in the book of Hebrews?

5. How can understanding the role and responsibilities of the priests in the Old Testament enhance our appreciation for Jesus' role as our High Priest?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 28-29
These chapters provide detailed instructions on the garments and consecration of Aaron and his sons, highlighting the importance of their priestly roles.

Leviticus 10
This chapter recounts the tragic event of Nadab and Abihu offering unauthorized fire, emphasizing the holiness required in priestly service.

Hebrews 5
This New Testament passage discusses the high priesthood of Jesus, drawing parallels to the Aaronic priesthood and highlighting Jesus as the ultimate High Priest.