Nehemiah 2:19

But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about this, they mocked us and ridiculed us, saying, "What is this you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?"

Study Bible

But when Sanballat the Horonite
The mention of Sanballat, identified as a Horonite, places him as a significant adversary to Nehemiah's mission. The term "Horonite" likely refers to his origin from Beth-Horon, a town in the region of Samaria. Historically, Sanballat is known as a governor of Samaria, and his opposition to Nehemiah reflects the political tensions between the returning Jewish exiles and the established local authorities. His resistance is emblematic of the broader spiritual and physical opposition faced by God's people when they seek to fulfill divine mandates.

Tobiah the Ammonite official
Tobiah's designation as an "Ammonite official" highlights his political role and ethnic background. The Ammonites, descendants of Lot, were often in conflict with Israel, and Tobiah's opposition is consistent with this historical enmity. His position as an official suggests he wielded considerable influence, which he used to undermine Nehemiah's efforts. This reflects the recurring biblical theme of external opposition to God's work, reminding believers of the spiritual warfare that accompanies divine assignments.

and Geshem the Arab
Geshem, identified as an Arab, represents another layer of opposition. The Arabs, like the Ammonites, were often adversaries of Israel. Geshem's involvement indicates a coalition of regional powers against Nehemiah, underscoring the formidable nature of the opposition. This coalition is a reminder of how the enemy often unites disparate forces to thwart God's purposes, yet it also foreshadows the ultimate triumph of God's plans despite such alliances.

heard about this
The phrase "heard about this" signifies the spread of information regarding Nehemiah's plans to rebuild Jerusalem's walls. In the ancient world, news traveled through messengers and traders, and the rapid dissemination of Nehemiah's intentions suggests the strategic importance of Jerusalem. This highlights the significance of communication in both advancing and opposing God's work, and the necessity for discernment in how information is shared and received.

they mocked and despised us
The actions of mocking and despising are indicative of the contempt and scorn often directed at God's people. Mockery is a tool of the enemy to instill doubt and fear, aiming to weaken resolve and sow discord. This response from Nehemiah's adversaries is a common biblical motif, where the faithful are ridiculed for their obedience to God. It serves as an encouragement to believers to remain steadfast in the face of derision, trusting in God's vindication.

saying, 'What is this you are doing?'
This question is both a challenge and an accusation, questioning the legitimacy and wisdom of Nehemiah's actions. It reflects a tactic of the enemy to undermine confidence by casting doubt on the clarity and purpose of God's directives. For believers, this serves as a reminder to be anchored in God's calling, assured of His guidance even when others question or misunderstand their actions.

Are you rebelling against the king?
The accusation of rebellion is a serious charge, as it implies treason against the Persian king, Artaxerxes. This reflects a strategic attempt to frame Nehemiah's actions as politically subversive, potentially inciting royal intervention. Historically, such accusations could lead to severe consequences, yet Nehemiah's confidence in his divine mandate and the king's prior approval underscores the importance of aligning earthly endeavors with heavenly authority. This teaches believers the value of integrity and transparency in their pursuits, ensuring that their actions are above reproach both before God and man.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Sanballat the Horonite
A prominent opponent of Nehemiah, likely a governor of Samaria. His title "Horonite" suggests he was from Horonaim, a city in Moab.

2. Tobiah the Ammonite official
An Ammonite leader who opposed Nehemiah's efforts. His position as an official indicates he held some authority, possibly as a governor or a high-ranking advisor.

3. Geshem the Arab
Another adversary of Nehemiah, likely a leader of a confederation of Arab tribes. His involvement indicates a broader coalition against Nehemiah's work.

4. Mocking and Despising
The reaction of these leaders to Nehemiah's plans to rebuild Jerusalem's walls. Their mockery was intended to discourage and intimidate the Jewish people.

5. Accusation of Rebellion
The claim that Nehemiah's actions were rebellious against the Persian king, an attempt to undermine his authority and create political trouble.

Teaching Points

Expect Opposition
When undertaking God's work, expect resistance. Nehemiah's experience teaches us that opposition is a common response to God's plans.

Discernment in Leadership
Nehemiah's response to his adversaries shows the importance of discernment and wisdom in leadership. He did not let their mockery deter him.

Faithfulness Overcomes Fear
Despite the threats, Nehemiah remained faithful to his mission. This teaches us to trust in God's provision and protection.

Community and Unity
The opposition faced by Nehemiah highlights the need for unity among God's people. Working together strengthens resolve against external threats.

Prayer and Preparation
Nehemiah's account emphasizes the importance of prayer and preparation in the face of opposition. He was ready to respond because he had sought God's guidance.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the opposition faced by Nehemiah reflect the challenges we encounter when pursuing God's work today?

2. In what ways can we prepare ourselves spiritually and practically to face opposition in our own lives?

3. How does Nehemiah's response to his adversaries inspire us to handle criticism and mockery?

4. What role does community play in overcoming challenges and opposition, as seen in Nehemiah's account?

5. How can we apply the lessons from Nehemiah 2:19 to situations where we feel discouraged or intimidated in our faith journey?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezra 4
Similar opposition faced by the Jews during the rebuilding of the temple, highlighting a recurring theme of external resistance to God's work.

Psalm 2
The futility of nations and leaders who plot against God's anointed, reflecting the ultimate sovereignty of God over human affairs.

Acts 4
The early church faced similar opposition and threats, yet they prayed for boldness and continued their mission, showing the continuity of God's people facing opposition.