Matthew 14:4

because John had been telling him, "It is not lawful for you to have her."

Study Bible

For John had been telling him
This phrase sets the stage for the confrontation between John the Baptist and Herod Antipas. The Greek verb used here, "ἔλεγεν" (elegen), is in the imperfect tense, indicating a repeated or continuous action in the past. John persistently and courageously spoke out against Herod's actions, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to truth and righteousness. Historically, John the Baptist was known for his boldness and his role as a prophet calling people to repentance. His fearless proclamation serves as an example of standing firm in one's convictions, even in the face of powerful opposition.

It is not lawful
The phrase "οὐκ ἔξεστιν" (ouk exestin) translates to "it is not lawful," reflecting John's appeal to the Mosaic Law. John was referencing Levitical laws, specifically Leviticus 18:16 and 20:21, which prohibit a man from marrying his brother's wife. This highlights the importance of adhering to God's commandments and the moral law, which transcends human authority. John's declaration underscores the belief that divine law is the ultimate standard for righteousness, a principle that remains central to conservative Christian ethics.

for you
The Greek word "σοι" (soi) is a personal pronoun, emphasizing the directness of John's rebuke to Herod. This personal address indicates that John was not speaking in generalities but was specifically confronting Herod's sin. It serves as a reminder that God's laws apply to everyone, regardless of their status or power. In a broader sense, this highlights the personal nature of sin and the need for individual accountability before God.

to have her
The phrase "ἔχειν αὐτήν" (echein autēn) refers to Herod's unlawful relationship with Herodias, his brother Philip's wife. This relationship was not only a violation of Jewish law but also a scandalous act that defied social and moral norms of the time. The historical context reveals the complexity of Herod's family dynamics and the political implications of his actions. John's condemnation of this relationship serves as a testament to the sanctity of marriage and the importance of upholding God's design for human relationships. It also illustrates the prophetic role of calling out sin and urging repentance, a theme that resonates throughout the Bible.

Persons / Places / Events

1. John the Baptist
A prophet and forerunner of Jesus Christ, known for his boldness in speaking God's truth. He was imprisoned and eventually executed for his unwavering stance against sin.

2. Herod Antipas
The tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, known for his immoral lifestyle, including his unlawful marriage to Herodias, his brother's wife.

3. Herodias
The wife of Herod's brother Philip, whom Herod unlawfully married. Herodias held a grudge against John for condemning their marriage.

4. Prison
The place where John was held captive due to his outspoken condemnation of Herod's actions.

5. Event
John's confrontation with Herod over his unlawful marriage, which ultimately led to John's imprisonment and later execution.

Teaching Points

Courage in Truth-Telling
John the Baptist exemplifies the courage required to speak God's truth, even when it leads to personal cost. Believers are called to stand firm in their convictions, regardless of societal pressures.

The Cost of Discipleship
John's imprisonment and eventual martyrdom remind us that following Christ may involve suffering and sacrifice. True discipleship often requires us to take a stand against sin.

The Danger of Unrepentant Sin
Herod's unlawful marriage and refusal to heed John's warning illustrate the spiritual peril of unrepentant sin. Believers must be vigilant in confessing and turning away from sin.

The Role of Prophets
Prophets in the Bible, like John, serve as God's mouthpieces, calling people to repentance. This role is vital in guiding believers back to God's standards.

Moral Integrity
John's unwavering commitment to God's law challenges us to uphold moral integrity in our own lives, even when it is unpopular or risky.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does John the Baptist's confrontation with Herod challenge us to address sin in our own lives and communities?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate courage in speaking truth today, and what might be the potential costs?

3. How does Herod's reaction to John's rebuke illustrate the consequences of ignoring God's commands?

4. What lessons can we learn from John's example about the importance of maintaining moral integrity?

5. How can we apply the principles of repentance and forgiveness in our relationships, especially when dealing with difficult truths?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 18:16 and 20:21
These verses in the Old Testament law explicitly prohibit marrying a brother's wife, which John the Baptist references in his rebuke of Herod.

Mark 6:17-29
Provides a parallel account of John's imprisonment and execution, offering additional details about Herodias' role and Herod's internal conflict.

Luke 3:19-20
Highlights John's broader ministry and his fearless confrontation of Herod's sins, emphasizing his role as a prophet.