Luke 4:23

Jesus said to them, "Surely you will quote this proverb to Me: 'Physician, heal yourself! Do here in Your hometown what we have heard that You did in Capernaum.'"

Study Bible

Jesus said to them
This phrase introduces the speaker, Jesus, who is central to the narrative. In the Greek text, "Jesus" is "Ἰησοῦς" (Iēsous), a name that means "Yahweh is salvation." This highlights His divine mission and identity as the Savior. The phrase "said to them" indicates a direct communication, emphasizing the authority and intentionality of Jesus' words. Historically, Jesus is speaking in a synagogue in Nazareth, His hometown, where He is addressing those familiar with Him, setting the stage for a profound teaching moment.

Surely you will quote this proverb to Me
The word "surely" (Greek: πάντως, pantōs) conveys certainty, suggesting that Jesus is aware of the thoughts and expectations of His audience. The term "proverb" (Greek: παροιμίαν, paroimian) refers to a common saying or adage, indicating that Jesus is addressing a well-known cultural expression. This reflects the wisdom literature tradition in Jewish culture, where proverbs were used to convey truths succinctly. Jesus anticipates the skepticism of His listeners, who expect Him to perform miracles as proof of His authority.

Physician, heal yourself
This phrase is a proverbial expression that implies the expectation for one to demonstrate their abilities or authority by first addressing their own needs or issues. The term "physician" (Greek: ἰατρέ, iatre) is metaphorical, suggesting that Jesus, as a healer, should first prove His power by performing miracles for Himself or His own community. This reflects a common human tendency to demand proof or signs before belief, a theme that recurs throughout the Gospels.

Do here in Your hometown
The word "here" (Greek: ὧδε, hōde) emphasizes the location, Nazareth, where Jesus grew up. "Hometown" (Greek: πατρίδι, patridi) refers to one's native place, carrying connotations of familiarity and expectation. The people of Nazareth expect Jesus to perform miracles there, as He reportedly did elsewhere. This highlights the challenge Jesus faces in being accepted by those who think they know Him best, illustrating the biblical theme of a prophet not being honored in his own country.

what we have heard that You did in Capernaum
This phrase references reports of Jesus' miraculous works in Capernaum, a town that became a significant center for His ministry. The phrase "what we have heard" (Greek: ἃ ἠκούσαμεν, ha ēkousamen) indicates reliance on testimony and reputation, rather than firsthand experience. Capernaum, located by the Sea of Galilee, was a bustling hub, and Jesus' activities there were well-known. This sets up a contrast between the faith of those who have seen and believed and the skepticism of those who demand signs. The historical context underscores the spread of Jesus' fame and the varied responses to His ministry.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The central figure in this passage, Jesus is addressing the people in His hometown of Nazareth. He is the Messiah, the Son of God, who has begun His public ministry.

2. Nazareth
The hometown of Jesus, where He grew up. It is significant because the people there are familiar with Jesus' earthly family and His upbringing.

3. Capernaum
A town in Galilee where Jesus performed many miracles. It serves as a point of reference for the people of Nazareth, who have heard of His works there.

4. Proverb
"Physician, heal yourself" is a proverbial expression that Jesus anticipates the people of Nazareth will use. It implies skepticism and a demand for proof of His authority and power.

5. The Synagogue
The setting of this event, where Jesus reads from the scroll of Isaiah and declares the fulfillment of the prophecy, leading to the reaction of the people.

Teaching Points

The Challenge of Familiarity
Familiarity can breed contempt. Those closest to us may struggle to see the work of God in our lives due to preconceived notions and past experiences.

Faith and Unbelief
Unbelief can hinder the work of God. The people of Nazareth missed out on miracles because of their lack of faith.

The Role of Prophets
Prophets often face rejection, especially from those who know them well. This is a reminder of the cost of discipleship and the challenge of speaking truth.

Expectations vs. Reality
People often have expectations of how God should work. Jesus challenges these expectations, calling for faith beyond what is seen or heard.

The Importance of Humility
Humility is essential in recognizing and accepting God's work. Pride and skepticism can blind us to the truth.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the reaction of the people in Nazareth reflect our own tendencies to doubt those we are familiar with? Can you think of a time when you underestimated someone close to you?

2. In what ways do we demand signs or proofs from God before we are willing to believe or act in faith? How does this relate to the proverb "Physician, heal yourself"?

3. How can we guard against the unbelief that hindered the people of Nazareth from experiencing Jesus' miracles?

4. What are some modern-day examples of prophets or messengers who face rejection? How can we support and encourage them in their mission?

5. Reflect on a time when your expectations of how God should work were challenged. How did you respond, and what did you learn from the experience?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Matthew 13:54-58
This passage parallels the account in Luke, where Jesus is rejected in His hometown. It highlights the unbelief of the people who knew Him as the carpenter's son.

John 4:44
Jesus mentions that a prophet has no honor in his own country, reinforcing the theme of rejection by those who are familiar with Him.

Isaiah 61:1-2
The prophecy Jesus reads in the synagogue, declaring His mission to bring good news to the poor and freedom to the captives.