Leviticus 18:14

You must not dishonor your father's brother by approaching his wife to have sexual relations with her; she is your aunt.

Study Bible

You must not dishonor
The Hebrew root for "dishonor" is "גָּלָה" (galah), which means to uncover or expose. In the context of Leviticus, this term is often associated with uncovering nakedness, which is a metaphor for engaging in illicit sexual relations. The command here is not merely about avoiding a specific act but about maintaining the sanctity and respect of familial relationships. In ancient Israelite society, family honor was paramount, and any act that could bring shame or dishonor was strictly prohibited. This phrase underscores the importance of upholding family integrity and respecting the boundaries set by God.

your father’s brother
This phrase refers to one's paternal uncle. In the Hebrew culture, the family unit extended beyond the immediate household to include aunts, uncles, and cousins. The uncle held a significant role within the family structure, often acting as a secondary father figure. The prohibition against dishonoring him by engaging in relations with his wife highlights the importance of maintaining respect and boundaries within the extended family. This respect for family hierarchy and relationships is a recurring theme in the Mosaic Law, emphasizing the need for order and reverence within the community.

by approaching his wife
The term "approaching" in Hebrew is "קָרַב" (qarab), which means to draw near or come close. In this context, it implies initiating a sexual relationship. The use of this term suggests intentionality and premeditation, indicating that such actions are not accidental but deliberate violations of God's commandments. The phrase serves as a warning against the temptation to overstep moral and familial boundaries, reminding the Israelites of the sanctity of marriage and the importance of self-control.

to have sexual relations with her
This phrase is a direct reference to engaging in sexual intercourse. The Hebrew text uses the term "שָׁכַב" (shakab), which means to lie down, often used euphemistically for sexual relations. The explicit nature of this commandment leaves no room for ambiguity, clearly defining the act as sinful. In the broader context of Leviticus 18, this prohibition is part of a series of laws aimed at preserving the holiness of the Israelite community by setting them apart from the surrounding nations, who often engaged in such practices.

she is your aunt
The identification of the woman as "your aunt" reinforces the familial relationship and the inherent respect that should accompany it. In Hebrew, the word for aunt is "דּוֹדָה" (dodah), which signifies a close family connection. This relationship is not just a matter of blood but of covenantal responsibility and care. By specifying the familial tie, the verse highlights the gravity of the offense, as it not only violates moral law but also disrupts the family structure ordained by God. This commandment serves as a reminder of the sacredness of family bonds and the need to protect them from actions that could lead to division and dishonor.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Leviticus, who received the laws from God to instruct the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, to whom the laws in Leviticus were given as a guide for holy living.

3. Canaan
The land where the Israelites were headed, which was inhabited by people with practices God deemed abominable.

4. Father’s Brother (Uncle)
A family member whose wife is specifically mentioned in this law.

5. Aunt
The wife of the father’s brother, whom the law protects from sexual relations with her nephew.

Teaching Points

Respect for Family Boundaries
This law underscores the importance of respecting family relationships and maintaining boundaries to preserve family honor and integrity.

Holiness and Purity
The call to avoid such relationships is part of a broader call to holiness, as God’s people are to be set apart from the surrounding nations.

Consequences of Sin
Engaging in prohibited relationships can lead to personal and communal consequences, as seen in other biblical accounts.

Cultural Distinction
The Israelites were to live differently from the Canaanites, whose practices were contrary to God’s design for human relationships.

Application to Modern Life
While the specific cultural context has changed, the principle of honoring family relationships and maintaining sexual purity remains relevant.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Leviticus 18:14 reflect God’s design for family relationships, and why is this important for us today?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of respecting family boundaries in our modern context?

3. How does the prohibition in Leviticus 18:14 relate to the broader theme of holiness found throughout the book of Leviticus?

4. What are some modern-day challenges to maintaining sexual purity, and how can we address them in light of biblical teachings?

5. How can the church support individuals and families in upholding the values found in Leviticus 18:14 and similar passages?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 20:19
This verse reiterates the prohibition against sexual relations with an aunt, emphasizing the importance of maintaining family honor and purity.

1 Corinthians 5:1
Paul addresses a case of sexual immorality in the Corinthian church, highlighting the need for the church to uphold moral standards.

Deuteronomy 27:20
This verse includes a curse for those who violate family boundaries, reinforcing the seriousness of such actions.

Genesis 9:22-23
The account of Ham and Noah illustrates the consequences of dishonoring family members, which is a broader theme in Leviticus 18.