John 5:29

and come out--those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.

Study Bible

and will come out
This phrase signifies the physical act of resurrection, where individuals will emerge from their graves. The Greek word used here is "ἐκπορεύσονται" (ekporeusontai), which implies a movement from one state to another. In the context of the resurrection, it highlights the transformative power of Christ's authority over life and death. Historically, this reflects the Jewish belief in bodily resurrection, a hope deeply rooted in the Old Testament, as seen in Daniel 12:2.

those who have done good
The phrase emphasizes the moral and ethical actions of individuals. The Greek word "ἀγαθὰ" (agatha) refers to actions that are inherently good, beneficial, and aligned with God's will. This reflects the biblical teaching that faith is evidenced by works (James 2:17). The historical context of this phrase is rooted in the Jewish understanding of righteousness, which was not merely about legalistic adherence to the law but about a heart aligned with God's purposes.

to the resurrection of life
This phrase promises eternal life to those who have lived righteously. The Greek word "ζωῆς" (zoēs) signifies not just life in a biological sense but a quality of life that is eternal and in communion with God. This concept is central to Christian eschatology, where the ultimate hope is not just survival after death but a transformed existence in the presence of God. Theologically, it underscores the Christian hope of heaven and eternal fellowship with the Creator.

and those who have done evil
Here, the focus shifts to those whose actions are contrary to God's will. The Greek word "φαῦλα" (phaula) denotes actions that are morally corrupt or worthless. This highlights the biblical teaching that actions have consequences, and there is a divine standard of justice. Historically, this reflects the Jewish understanding of divine retribution, where God is seen as the ultimate judge of human actions.

to the resurrection of judgment
This phrase speaks of a resurrection that leads to divine judgment. The Greek word "κρίσεως" (kriseōs) refers to a legal decision or verdict. In the biblical context, it signifies the final judgment where God will evaluate the lives of individuals. This is a sobering reminder of the reality of divine justice and the importance of living a life that honors God. Theologically, it emphasizes the dual outcomes of resurrection: eternal life for the righteous and judgment for the wicked, as seen in Revelation 20:12-15.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The speaker of this verse, Jesus is addressing the Jewish leaders and explaining His authority and the future resurrection.

2. Jewish Leaders
The audience of Jesus' discourse, they are questioning His authority and understanding of the law.

3. Resurrection
A future event where all the dead will be raised, leading to either life or judgment.

4. Judgment
The divine evaluation of human deeds, resulting in either eternal life or condemnation.

5. Eternal Life
The reward for those who have done good, characterized by everlasting communion with God.

Teaching Points

The Certainty of Resurrection
Jesus affirms the reality of resurrection for all, emphasizing the importance of how we live our lives now.

The Dual Outcome
There are only two outcomes post-resurrection: life or judgment. This underscores the gravity of our choices and actions.

The Role of Deeds
While salvation is by grace through faith, our deeds reflect our faith and have eternal consequences.

Living with Eternity in Mind
Believers are called to live righteously, knowing that their actions have eternal significance.

The Authority of Christ
Jesus' authority over life and judgment is central, affirming His divinity and the truth of His words.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of resurrection in John 5:29 influence your understanding of life after death?

2. In what ways do your daily actions reflect the reality of the resurrection of life or judgment?

3. How can the teachings in Matthew 25:31-46 help you evaluate your readiness for the final judgment?

4. What role do good deeds play in the life of a believer, according to Romans 2:6-8, and how does this relate to John 5:29?

5. How does understanding Jesus' authority over resurrection and judgment impact your faith and trust in Him?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Daniel 12:2
This Old Testament prophecy speaks of a resurrection to everlasting life and shame, paralleling the dual outcomes in John 5:29.

Matthew 25:31-46
Jesus' teaching on the final judgment, where the righteous inherit the kingdom and the wicked face eternal punishment.

Romans 2:6-8
Paul discusses God's judgment based on deeds, reinforcing the concept of reward for good and wrath for evil.

Revelation 20:12-15
The final judgment scene where the dead are judged according to their works, aligning with the resurrection of judgment.

1 Corinthians 15:52
Describes the resurrection at the last trumpet, emphasizing the transformation of believers.