John 10:3

The gatekeeper opens the gate for him, and the sheep listen for his voice. He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out.

Study Bible

The gatekeeper
In the context of ancient shepherding, the gatekeeper played a crucial role in protecting the sheep. The Greek word used here is "θυρωρός" (thyrōros), which refers to a doorkeeper or porter. Historically, a gatekeeper would be responsible for allowing only the rightful shepherds to enter the sheepfold. In a spiritual sense, this can be seen as a representation of God the Father, who grants access to the true Shepherd, Jesus Christ. The gatekeeper ensures that only those who are genuine and have rightful authority can lead the sheep, emphasizing the divine approval and authentication of Jesus' ministry.

opens the gate
The act of opening the gate signifies permission and access. In the Greek, "ἀνοίγει" (anoigei) is used, meaning to open. This action symbolizes the divine authority and the fulfillment of prophecy, as Jesus is the one who fulfills the Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah. The opening of the gate is an invitation to enter into a relationship with God through Jesus, who is the way, the truth, and the life (John 14:6).

for him
The phrase "for him" underscores the personal relationship and recognition between the gatekeeper and the shepherd. It highlights the exclusivity of Jesus as the true Shepherd. In the broader scriptural context, this points to the unique role of Christ as the mediator between God and humanity. The gate is opened specifically for Jesus, indicating His unique role and authority in the salvation narrative.

and the sheep hear his voice
The Greek word for "hear" is "ἀκούουσιν" (akouousin), which implies not just hearing but understanding and recognizing. This phrase emphasizes the intimate relationship between the shepherd and his sheep. The sheep are attuned to the voice of their shepherd, distinguishing it from others. Spiritually, this represents believers who recognize and respond to the voice of Christ, discerning His truth amidst the noise of the world. It is a call to spiritual discernment and obedience.

He calls his own sheep by name
The personal nature of the shepherd's call is highlighted here. The Greek "καλεῖ" (kalei) means to call, and "ἴδια" (idia) means his own, indicating possession and personal relationship. In ancient times, shepherds often named their sheep, signifying care and individual attention. This reflects the personal relationship Jesus has with each believer, knowing them intimately and calling them individually. It is a reminder of the personal nature of salvation and the care Jesus has for each of His followers.

and leads them out
The phrase "leads them out" uses the Greek "ἐξάγει" (exagei), meaning to lead out or bring forth. This action signifies guidance and direction. Historically, shepherds would lead their sheep to pastures, ensuring their safety and nourishment. Spiritually, this represents Jesus leading believers out of the bondage of sin into the freedom of salvation and abundant life. It is a call to follow Christ, trusting in His guidance and provision. The imagery of leading out also suggests a journey, one that requires trust and faith in the Shepherd's path.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Gatekeeper
Represents God or the Holy Spirit, who opens the way for Jesus, the Good Shepherd, to enter and lead His flock.

2. The Shepherd
Jesus Christ, who is the Good Shepherd, knows His sheep personally and leads them with care and authority.

3. The Sheep
Believers who recognize and follow the voice of Jesus, indicating a personal relationship with Him.

4. The Sheepfold
Symbolizes the community of believers or the Church, where the sheep are gathered and protected.

5. The Voice
Represents the teachings and guidance of Jesus, which the sheep recognize and follow.

Teaching Points

Recognizing the Shepherd's Voice
Believers are called to discern and follow the voice of Jesus amidst the many voices in the world. This requires familiarity with His Word and a personal relationship with Him.

Personal Relationship with Jesus
Jesus knows each of His sheep by name, indicating a personal and intimate relationship. Believers should cultivate this relationship through prayer, study, and obedience.

Guidance and Leadership
Jesus leads His sheep out, providing direction and purpose. Believers should seek His guidance in all aspects of life, trusting in His perfect plan.

Security in the Fold
The sheepfold represents safety and community. Believers find security and fellowship within the Church, where they are nurtured and protected.

Responding to the Call
Just as the sheep respond to the Shepherd's call, believers are encouraged to respond to Jesus' call to follow Him, leading to abundant life.

Bible Study Questions

1. How can we better recognize and discern the voice of Jesus in our daily lives?

2. In what ways does understanding Jesus as the Good Shepherd impact our relationship with Him?

3. How does being part of the "sheepfold" (the Church) provide security and community for believers?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure we are following Jesus' guidance and leadership in our lives?

5. How can we encourage others to respond to Jesus' call and experience the abundant life He offers?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 23
This passage describes the Lord as a shepherd who leads, provides, and protects, paralleling the role of Jesus as the Good Shepherd.

John 10:14-15
Jesus further explains His role as the Good Shepherd who knows His sheep and lays down His life for them, emphasizing the intimate relationship between Him and His followers.

Revelation 3:20
Illustrates Jesus standing at the door and knocking, waiting for believers to hear His voice and open the door, similar to the sheep recognizing and responding to the Shepherd's voice.

Isaiah 40:11
Describes God as a shepherd who gathers the lambs in His arms, highlighting the care and guidance provided by the Shepherd.

1 Peter 5:4
Refers to Jesus as the Chief Shepherd, who will reward those who faithfully follow Him.