Isaiah 22:16

What are you doing here, and who authorized you to carve out a tomb for yourself here--to chisel your tomb in the height and cut your resting place in the rock?

Study Bible

What are you doing here
This phrase is a direct challenge, questioning the actions and presence of the individual being addressed. In the Hebrew context, it reflects a confrontation with someone who is acting outside of their rightful place or authority. The prophet Isaiah is speaking to Shebna, a high-ranking official in King Hezekiah's court, who is accused of self-aggrandizement. This question implies a divine scrutiny over human actions, reminding us that God observes and evaluates our motives and deeds.

and who authorized you
The question of authority is central to this phrase. In ancient Israel, authority was derived from God, and any actions taken without divine or kingly sanction were considered presumptuous. This phrase underscores the importance of recognizing and respecting the established order and divine will. It serves as a reminder that human authority is limited and should align with God's purposes.

to carve out a tomb for yourself here
Tombs in ancient Israel were significant, often reflecting one's status and legacy. The act of carving out a tomb for oneself suggests a preoccupation with personal legacy and honor. In the historical context, Shebna's actions are seen as an attempt to secure his own glory and remembrance, contrary to the humility expected of a servant of God. This phrase challenges us to consider where we place our priorities and how we seek to be remembered.

to chisel your tomb in the rock
Chiseling a tomb in the rock was a practice reserved for the wealthy and powerful, indicating permanence and prestige. The Hebrew word for "chisel" implies a deliberate and laborious effort to create something lasting. This phrase highlights the futility of human efforts to secure eternal significance through earthly means. It serves as a metaphor for the spiritual truth that true legacy is found not in earthly monuments, but in alignment with God's eternal purposes.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Shebna
The steward or treasurer of the palace in Jerusalem during the reign of King Hezekiah. He is the subject of Isaiah's rebuke in this passage.

2. Jerusalem
The capital city of Judah, where Shebna served. It is the setting for Isaiah's prophecy and rebuke.

3. Isaiah
The prophet who delivers God's message to Shebna, calling out his pride and self-serving actions.

4. Tomb
The carved tomb represents Shebna's attempt to secure his legacy and status, reflecting his pride and misplaced priorities.

5. Rock
Symbolizes permanence and strength, but in this context, it highlights Shebna's arrogance in seeking a lasting monument for himself.

Teaching Points

Pride and Humility
Shebna's actions serve as a warning against pride and self-exaltation. True greatness is found in humility and service to God and others.

Legacy and Eternal Perspective
Our focus should be on eternal treasures rather than earthly monuments. Consider how your actions today impact your eternal legacy.

Authority and Accountability
Shebna acted without proper authority, reminding us to seek God's guidance and approval in our decisions.

God's Sovereignty
Despite human attempts to control and secure their future, God's plans and purposes prevail. Trust in His sovereignty over your life.

Self-Examination
Regularly assess your motivations and actions to ensure they align with God's will and not personal ambition.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Shebna's desire to carve a tomb for himself reflect his priorities, and what can we learn about our own priorities from this passage?

2. In what ways does the rebuke of Shebna challenge us to examine our own pride and self-reliance?

3. How can we ensure that our legacy is focused on eternal values rather than temporary, earthly achievements?

4. What steps can we take to seek God's authority and guidance in our decisions, as opposed to acting on our own desires?

5. How does understanding God's sovereignty help us trust Him more fully in our daily lives and future plans?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Matthew 23:27-28
Jesus rebukes the Pharisees for their hypocrisy, similar to Isaiah's rebuke of Shebna's pride and self-glorification.

Luke 12:16-21
The parable of the rich fool, who stores up earthly treasures without regard for his soul, parallels Shebna's focus on earthly status.

Proverbs 16:18
"Pride goes before destruction," which aligns with the warning to Shebna about the consequences of his pride.