Genesis 34:31

But they replied, "Should he have treated our sister like a prostitute?"

Study Bible

But they replied
This phrase indicates a response from Simeon and Levi, the sons of Jacob, to their father. The context is a heated discussion following the events in Shechem, where their sister Dinah was defiled by Shechem, the son of Hamor. The brothers' reply reflects their anger and justification for their actions. This dialogue occurs after they have taken violent revenge on the city of Shechem, which they felt was necessary to defend their sister's honor.

“Should he have treated
The use of the word "treated" implies an action that was done to Dinah, highlighting the violation and disrespect she suffered. In the cultural context of the ancient Near East, a woman's honor was closely tied to her family's honor, and any mistreatment was seen as a grave offense not only against the individual but against the entire family. This reflects the patriarchal society where family honor was paramount.

our sister
The phrase "our sister" emphasizes the familial bond and the protective instincts of Dinah's brothers. In the tribal and family-oriented culture of the time, the well-being and reputation of a sister were the responsibility of her brothers. This familial duty is a recurring theme in the Old Testament, where family loyalty and protection are highly valued.

like a prostitute?”
The comparison to a prostitute underscores the severity of the offense in the eyes of Simeon and Levi. In biblical times, prostitution was often associated with shame and dishonor. By using this analogy, the brothers express their outrage at the degradation of Dinah's dignity. This phrase also highlights the moral and ethical standards of the time, where sexual purity was highly esteemed, and any deviation was met with severe consequences. The brothers' reaction can be seen as a defense of their sister's honor and a rejection of any attempt to normalize or excuse the violation she endured.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Simeon and Levi
Sons of Jacob and Leah, who took a leading role in avenging their sister Dinah's defilement by Shechem.

2. Dinah
The daughter of Jacob and Leah, who was violated by Shechem, the son of Hamor the Hivite.

3. Shechem
The son of Hamor, who defiled Dinah and sought to marry her.

4. Hamor
The father of Shechem, who attempted to negotiate a marriage between his son and Dinah.

5. Jacob
The patriarch of the family, who was initially passive in response to Dinah's defilement.

Teaching Points

Righteous Anger vs. Sinful Vengeance
While anger at injustice is natural, Simeon and Levi's response shows how easily it can turn into sinful vengeance. Believers are called to seek justice in ways that honor God.

The Value of Women in Scripture
Dinah's account highlights the mistreatment of women, a theme that is addressed throughout Scripture. The Bible calls for the protection and honor of women, reflecting their value in God's eyes.

Family Dynamics and Leadership
Jacob's passive response contrasts with his sons' aggressive actions. This highlights the importance of godly leadership and communication within families.

Consequences of Sin
The actions of Shechem and the subsequent response by Simeon and Levi led to further violence and division. Sin often has a ripple effect, impacting many beyond the initial act.

Forgiveness and Reconciliation
The New Testament calls believers to forgive and seek reconciliation, even in the face of deep hurt and injustice, pointing to the ultimate example of Christ.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the response of Simeon and Levi reflect their character, and what can we learn about handling anger and injustice from their actions?

2. In what ways does the account of Dinah challenge us to consider the value and treatment of women in our own culture and communities?

3. How can Jacob's response to the situation with Dinah inform our understanding of leadership and responsibility within families?

4. What are some practical ways we can seek justice while avoiding the pitfalls of vengeance, as taught in Romans 12:19?

5. How does the call to be peacemakers in Matthew 5:9 apply to situations of conflict and injustice in our lives today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 49:5-7
Jacob's prophecy about Simeon and Levi, highlighting their violent nature and the consequences of their actions.

Exodus 20:14
The commandment against adultery, which underscores the gravity of Shechem's sin against Dinah.

Romans 12:19
The call for believers to leave vengeance to God, contrasting with Simeon and Levi's actions.

Matthew 5:9
The Beatitude about peacemakers, offering a counterpoint to the violent response of Dinah's brothers.

James 1:20
The warning that human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires, relevant to the brothers' reaction.