Exodus 5:20

When they left Pharaoh, they confronted Moses and Aaron, who stood waiting to meet them.

Study Bible

As they left Pharaoh
This phrase sets the scene immediately after a significant encounter with Pharaoh, the ruler of Egypt. The Hebrew root for "Pharaoh" is "Par‘oh," which is not just a name but a title meaning "great house." This reflects the immense power and authority Pharaoh held, symbolizing the oppressive regime that the Israelites were under. Historically, Pharaohs were considered divine figures, which adds to the tension and gravity of the Israelites' confrontation with him. The act of leaving Pharaoh signifies a moment of transition from a place of power and oppression to a moment of confrontation and accountability.

they confronted Moses and Aaron
The word "confronted" indicates a direct and possibly hostile encounter. In Hebrew, the root word for "confront" can imply standing before someone with a grievance or accusation. Moses and Aaron, as leaders chosen by God, were the intermediaries between God and the Israelites. This confrontation highlights the Israelites' frustration and desperation. It is a pivotal moment where the faith of the people in their leaders is tested. Historically, Moses and Aaron were seen as figures of hope, yet here they face the brunt of the people's discontent.

who stood waiting to meet them
This phrase suggests a sense of anticipation and readiness on the part of Moses and Aaron. The Hebrew root for "stood" is "amad," which can imply standing firm or being steadfast. This reflects the resolve and patience of Moses and Aaron as leaders. They were aware of the potential backlash from the Israelites after their meeting with Pharaoh. The act of waiting to meet them shows their commitment to their role as leaders and their willingness to face the challenges head-on. In a broader scriptural context, this moment underscores the theme of leadership under pressure and the importance of steadfastness in the face of adversity.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
A central figure in the Exodus account, chosen by God to lead the Israelites out of Egyptian bondage. At this point, he is facing the challenge of Pharaoh's hardened heart and the increasing burden on the Israelites.

2. Aaron
Moses' brother and spokesperson, who assists Moses in communicating God's demands to Pharaoh and the Israelites.

3. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt, who refuses to let the Israelites go, resulting in increased oppression of the Hebrew people.

4. Israelite Foremen
These are the leaders among the Israelites who are responsible for overseeing the labor of their fellow Hebrews. They confront Moses and Aaron after being reprimanded by Pharaoh.

5. Egypt
The land where the Israelites are enslaved, representing a place of bondage and oppression from which God plans to deliver His people.

Teaching Points

Leadership Under Pressure
Moses and Aaron exemplify leadership that remains steadfast despite opposition and discouragement. Leaders today can learn to stand firm in their God-given missions, even when facing criticism or setbacks.

The Cost of Obedience
Obeying God's call often comes with challenges and resistance. Believers should be prepared for trials when following God's directives, trusting in His ultimate plan and provision.

Faith in God's Promises
The Israelites' reaction to increased oppression reflects a struggle to trust in God's promises. Christians are encouraged to hold onto faith, even when circumstances seem to contradict God's assurances.

Intercession and Advocacy
Moses and Aaron's role as intercessors for the Israelites points to the importance of advocating for others in prayer and action, especially in times of distress.

The Danger of Short-Sightedness
The Israelites' focus on immediate discomfort rather than long-term deliverance serves as a warning against short-sightedness in spiritual journeys.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do Moses and Aaron's actions in Exodus 5:20 demonstrate leadership qualities that can be applied in today's context?

2. In what ways does the Israelites' response to their increased burdens reflect common human reactions to adversity, and how can we overcome these tendencies?

3. How does the account in Exodus 5:20 connect with the broader theme of faith and obedience in the face of trials found throughout Scripture?

4. What can we learn from Moses and Aaron about the importance of intercession and advocacy for others, especially when they are facing oppression or discouragement?

5. How does the account of the Israelites in Egypt challenge us to maintain a long-term perspective on God's promises, even when immediate circumstances are difficult?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 3:10-12
God's initial call to Moses to lead the Israelites out of Egypt, highlighting the divine mission and promise of deliverance.

Exodus 6:9
The Israelites' response to Moses' message of hope, showing their discouragement due to harsh labor.

Numbers 14:1-4
The Israelites' repeated pattern of doubt and complaint against Moses and Aaron, reflecting a lack of faith in God's promises.

Hebrews 11:24-27
Moses' faith and choice to suffer with God's people rather than enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin, providing a New Testament perspective on his leadership.