Intercession

Intercession is the act of intervening or mediating on behalf of another, particularly through prayer. In the biblical context, intercession is a vital aspect of the believer's spiritual life, where one pleads with God for the needs of others. The concept is deeply rooted in both the Old and New Testaments, illustrating the role of individuals who stand in the gap between God and humanity.

In the Old Testament, figures such as Abraham, Moses, and Samuel are notable intercessors. Abraham interceded for Sodom and Gomorrah, pleading with God to spare the cities if righteous people could be found within them (Genesis 18:22-33). Moses frequently interceded for the Israelites, especially when they sinned against God. In Exodus 32:11-14, Moses implores God to relent from His anger after the Israelites worship the golden calf. Samuel, too, is recognized for his intercessory role, as he declares, "As for me, far be it from me that I should sin against the LORD by ceasing to pray for you" (1 Samuel 12:23).

The New Testament expands on the theme of intercession, emphasizing the role of Jesus Christ as the ultimate intercessor. Hebrews 7:25 states, "Therefore He is able to save completely those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to intercede for them" . Jesus' intercession is not limited to His earthly ministry but continues in His exalted position at the right hand of the Father.

Believers are also called to intercede for one another. The Apostle Paul frequently requested prayers from the churches and encouraged intercessory prayer. In 1 Timothy 2:1, he writes, "First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving be offered for everyone" . This call to intercession underscores the communal aspect of the Christian faith, where believers support each other through prayer.

Advocacy

Advocacy in the biblical sense refers to the act of pleading or arguing in favor of someone, particularly in a legal or judicial context. The concept is closely related to intercession but carries a more judicial connotation, often involving defense or support in a time of need.

In the New Testament, Jesus Christ is depicted as the believer's advocate. The Apostle John writes, "My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you will not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ, the Righteous One" (1 John 2:1). Here, Jesus is portrayed as the divine advocate who pleads on behalf of believers, securing their forgiveness and maintaining their relationship with God.

The Holy Spirit also plays a role in advocacy. In John 14:16, Jesus promises the coming of the Holy Spirit, whom He describes as the "Helper" or "Advocate" (Greek: Parakletos). The Holy Spirit aids believers by guiding them into truth, reminding them of Jesus' teachings, and empowering them to live according to God's will.

Advocacy is not limited to divine figures; believers are encouraged to advocate for justice and righteousness in their communities. Proverbs 31:8-9 exhorts, "Speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves, for the rights of all who are destitute. Speak up and judge fairly; defend the rights of the poor and needy" . This call to advocacy reflects the biblical mandate to uphold justice and care for the marginalized.

In summary, intercession and advocacy are integral components of the Christian faith, reflecting the believer's role in prayer and action on behalf of others, while also highlighting the ongoing intercessory and advocacy work of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit.