Exodus 18:5
Moses' father-in-law Jethro, along with Moses' wife and sons, came to him in the desert, where he was encamped at the mountain of God.
Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law
The name "Jethro" is derived from the Hebrew root "יתר" (yeter), meaning "abundance" or "excellence." Jethro, also known as Reuel, is a significant figure in the narrative of Moses, representing wisdom and counsel. As Moses' father-in-law, he holds a position of respect and authority. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, family ties were crucial, and Jethro's relationship with Moses underscores the importance of familial bonds and the sharing of wisdom across generations. Jethro's visit is a reminder of the value of seeking counsel from those who have walked before us in faith and life.

came to Moses
The act of "coming" to Moses signifies a deliberate and purposeful journey. In the Hebrew context, the verb "בוא" (bo) implies movement with intention. Jethro's journey to meet Moses is not merely a familial visit but a divinely orchestrated encounter. This meeting highlights the importance of divine appointments and the role of God in orchestrating events for His purposes. It serves as an encouragement to believers to be open to divine encounters and the wisdom that others may bring into our lives.

in the wilderness
The "wilderness" (Hebrew: "מדבר," midbar) is a place of testing, transformation, and revelation. Biblically, the wilderness is often where God meets His people, providing guidance and sustenance. For Moses and the Israelites, the wilderness was a place of dependence on God, away from the distractions of Egypt. It symbolizes a spiritual journey where believers are stripped of worldly comforts and learn to rely solely on God. Jethro's arrival in the wilderness signifies that even in desolate places, God provides community and support through others.

where he was camped
The phrase "was camped" (Hebrew: "חנה," chanah) indicates a temporary dwelling, a pause in the journey. This reflects the transient nature of life and the pilgrim journey of faith. For the Israelites, camping in the wilderness was a time of preparation and waiting on God's timing. It serves as a metaphor for the Christian life, where believers are called to be sojourners, finding their ultimate rest and home in God. The camp is a place of gathering, community, and worship, reminding us of the importance of fellowship and unity in our spiritual journey.

at the mountain of God
The "mountain of God" refers to Mount Sinai, a place of divine revelation and covenant. In Hebrew, "הר האלהים" (har ha'elohim) signifies a sacred space where God reveals Himself to His people. This mountain is where Moses would later receive the Ten Commandments, marking it as a pivotal location in the history of Israel. It represents the meeting place between God and man, a place of awe, reverence, and transformation. For believers, it symbolizes the importance of seeking God's presence and receiving His guidance and law for our lives. The mountain of God is a reminder of His holiness and the call to ascend spiritually to meet Him.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jethro
Moses' father-in-law, a priest of Midian, who plays a significant role in advising Moses on leadership and governance.

2. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt and through the wilderness.

3. Moses' Sons and Wife
They are brought by Jethro to reunite with Moses, highlighting the importance of family even amidst leadership responsibilities.

4. The Wilderness
Represents the place of testing and reliance on God, where the Israelites are journeying towards the Promised Land.

5. The Mountain of God
Refers to Mount Sinai, a significant location where God reveals Himself and gives the Law to Moses.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Family Support
Moses' reunion with his family underscores the significance of familial relationships and support, even for those in leadership roles.

The Role of Wise Counsel
Jethro's visit is a precursor to his wise counsel to Moses, reminding us of the value of seeking and heeding godly advice in our lives.

Sacred Spaces and Encounters with God
The mountain of God is a place of divine encounter and revelation, encouraging us to seek our own sacred spaces for communion with God.

Leadership and Delegation
The account sets the stage for Jethro's advice on delegation, teaching us the importance of sharing responsibilities to avoid burnout and ensure effective leadership.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the reunion of Moses with his family in the wilderness speak to the balance between leadership responsibilities and family commitments?

2. In what ways can we seek and apply wise counsel in our own lives, as Moses did with Jethro?

3. What are some "mountains of God" or sacred spaces in your life where you have experienced God's presence and guidance?

4. How does the concept of delegation, as later advised by Jethro, apply to your current responsibilities at work, church, or home?

5. Reflect on a time when you were in a "wilderness" season. How did God provide support and guidance through others during that time?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 3:1
Connects to the initial encounter of Moses with God at the burning bush, also at the mountain of God, emphasizing the sacredness of this location.

Exodus 19:2-3
Describes the Israelites' arrival at Mount Sinai, where God will establish His covenant with them, further highlighting the importance of this mountain.

Numbers 10:29-32
Jethro's role as an advisor and his relationship with Moses is further explored, showing the value of wise counsel.

Deuteronomy 1:9-18
Moses recounts the advice given by Jethro on delegating leadership, which is crucial for effective governance.
Ye are Come unto Mount ZionG.A. Goodhart Exodus 18:5
The Claims of HomeH.T. Robjohns Exodus 18:1-5
Ashamed of ParentsJ. Carstairs.Exodus 18:1-6
Character not Deteriorated by HonourW. M. Taylor, D. D.Exodus 18:1-6
Family GatheringsJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 18:1-6
Jethro's Visit - Moses in His Domestic RelationsD. Young Exodus 18:1-12
The Consolations of Those Who Suffer Loss for the Kingdom of GodJ. Urquhart Exodus 18:1-12
The Visit of JethroJ. Orr Exodus 18:1-13
People
Aaron, Egyptians, Eliezer, Gershom, Jethro, Moses, Pharaoh, Zipporah
Places
Egypt, Midian, Rephidim
Topics
Camped, Desert, Encamped, Encamping, Father-in-law, Jethro, Law, Moses's, Mount, Mountain, Sons, Tent, Waste, Wife, Wilderness
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Exodus 18:3-4

     5044   names, giving of

Library
The Ideal Statesman [Footnote: Preached on Occasion of Mr. Gladstone's Death. ]
'Thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them.'--EXODUS xviii. 21. You will have anticipated my purpose in selecting this text. I should be doing violence to your feelings and mine if I made no reference to the event which has united the Empire and the world in one sentiment. The great tree has fallen, and the crash has for the moment silenced all the sounds of the forest. Wars abroad and controversies at home are
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Gershom and Eliezer
'The name of the one [of Moses' sons] was Gershom ... and the name of the other was Eliezer....'--EXODUS xviii. 3, 4. In old times parents often used to give expression to their hopes or their emotions in the names of their children. Very clearly that was the case in Moses' naming of his two sons, who seem to have been the whole of his family. The significance of each name is appended to it in the text. The explanation of the first is, 'For he said, I have been an alien in a strange land'; and that
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Origin and Growth of Law.
MOSES' WORK AS JUDGE AND PROPHET.--Ex. 18; 1-27; 33:5-11. Parallel References. Hist. Bible I, 198-203. Prin. of Politics, Ch. VI. Maine, Ancient Law. Jehovah spake to Moses face to face, as a man speaketh unto his friend--Ex. 33: 11. And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard cases they brought unto Moses, but every small
Charles Foster Kent—The Making of a Nation

The Development of the Earlier Old Testament Laws
[Sidenote: First the principle, and then the detailed laws] If the canon of the New Testament had remained open as long as did that of the Old, there is little doubt that it also would have contained many laws, legal precedents, and ecclesiastical histories. From the writings of the Church Fathers and the records of the Catholic Church it is possible to conjecture what these in general would have been. The early history of Christianity illustrates the universal fact that the broad principles are
Charles Foster Kent—The Origin & Permanent Value of the Old Testament

That the Ruler Relax not his Care for the Things that are Within in his Occupation among the Things that are Without, nor Neglect to Provide
The ruler should not relax his care for the things that are within in his occupation among the things that are without, nor neglect to provide for the things that are without in his solicitude for the things that are within; lest either, given up to the things that are without, he fall away from his inmost concerns, or, occupied only with the things that are within bestow not on his neighbours outside himself what he owes them. For it is often the case that some, as if forgetting that they have
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Opposition to Messiah Ruinous
Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel T here is a species of the sublime in writing, which seems peculiar to the Scripture, and of which, properly, no subjects but those of divine revelation are capable, With us, things inconsiderable in themselves are elevated by splendid images, which give them an apparent importance beyond what they can justly claim. Thus the poet, when describing a battle among bees, by a judicious selection of epithets
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Easter Tuesday
Second Sermon. Same Text. Acts 13, 26-39. THE WORD AND THE RESURRECTION.[1] [Footnote 1: This sermon appeared first in the Church Postil, the Explanation of the Epistle and Gospel Texts from Easter to Advent. Printed by Hans Lufft, Wittenberg, 1559.] 1. This sermon was preached by Paul in the synagogue at Antioch of Pisidia, where were gathered with the Jews some Greek converts. Wherever in a city Jews were to be found, there also were their synagogues in which they taught and preached; and many
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

After the Scripture.
"In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God created He him."--Gen. v. 1. In the preceding pages we have shown that the translation, "in Our image," actually means, "after Our image." To make anything in an image is no language; it is unthinkable, logically untrue. We now proceed to show how it should be translated, and give our reason for it. We begin with citing some passages from the Old Testament in which occurs the preposition "B" which, in Gen. i. 27, stands before image, where
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Appendix xii. The Baptism of Proselytes
ONLY those who have made study of it can have any idea how large, and sometimes bewildering, is the literature on the subject of Jewish Proselytes and their Baptism. Our present remarks will be confined to the Baptism of Proselytes. 1. Generally, as regards proselytes (Gerim) we have to distinguish between the Ger ha-Shaar (proselyte of the gate) and Ger Toshabh (sojourner,' settled among Israel), and again the Ger hatstsedeq (proselyte of righteousness) and Ger habberith (proselyte of the covenant).
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Exodus
The book of Exodus--so named in the Greek version from the march of Israel out of Egypt--opens upon a scene of oppression very different from the prosperity and triumph in which Genesis had closed. Israel is being cruelly crushed by the new dynasty which has arisen in Egypt (i.) and the story of the book is the story of her redemption. Ultimately it is Israel's God that is her redeemer, but He operates largely by human means; and the first step is the preparation of a deliverer, Moses, whose parentage,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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