Esther 2:5

Now there was at the citadel of Susa a Jewish man from the tribe of Benjamin named Mordecai son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish.

Study Bible

Now there was
This phrase sets the stage for the introduction of a significant character in the narrative. The use of "now" indicates a transition in the story, drawing attention to a new development. In the Hebrew text, the word "וַיְהִי" (vayehi) often introduces a narrative sequence, suggesting the unfolding of God's providential plan. It reminds us that God is always at work, orchestrating events for His purposes.

at the citadel of Susa
Susa, known as Shushan in Hebrew, was one of the ancient capitals of the Persian Empire. Archaeological excavations have revealed its grandeur and significance as a political and administrative center. The citadel, a fortified area, symbolizes power and authority. The mention of Susa situates the account within a historical and geopolitical context, highlighting the Jewish diaspora's presence in foreign lands and God's sovereignty over all nations.

a Jew
The term "Jew" (יְהוּדִי, Yehudi) identifies Mordecai's ethnic and religious identity. It signifies his belonging to the people of God, who were set apart by their covenant relationship with Yahweh. This identity is crucial in the narrative, as it underscores the tension between the Jewish people and their surrounding cultures. It also foreshadows the theme of divine deliverance and protection for God's chosen people.

of the tribe of Benjamin
The tribe of Benjamin holds historical significance in Israel's history. Benjamin was the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel, and the tribe played a prominent role in the formation of the nation of Israel. King Saul, Israel's first king, was from the tribe of Benjamin, as was the Apostle Paul. This lineage connects Mordecai to a rich heritage of leadership and faithfulness, emphasizing God's continued work through the tribes of Israel.

named Mordecai
The name "Mordecai" (מָרְדֳּכַי, Mordokhai) is of Babylonian origin, possibly derived from the god Marduk. This reflects the cultural assimilation experienced by Jews in exile. Despite his foreign name, Mordecai's actions demonstrate his unwavering commitment to God and his people. His name serves as a reminder that God can use individuals from diverse backgrounds to fulfill His purposes.

son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish
This genealogical detail establishes Mordecai's lineage and connection to the tribe of Benjamin. Kish, mentioned here, is also the name of King Saul's father, suggesting a noble ancestry. The inclusion of these names highlights the importance of heritage and identity in the Jewish tradition. It also reinforces the idea that God works through families and generations to accomplish His divine plan.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Mordecai
A Jew residing in Susa, of the tribe of Benjamin. He plays a crucial role in the account of Esther, acting as her guardian and advisor. His lineage connects him to significant historical figures in Israel's history.

2. Jair
Mordecai's father, mentioned to establish Mordecai's genealogy and Jewish heritage.

3. Shimei
Mordecai's grandfather, further establishing the family line within the tribe of Benjamin.

4. Kish
Mordecai's great-grandfather, also the father of King Saul, Israel's first king. This connection highlights Mordecai's noble lineage.

5. Susa
The capital of the Persian Empire, where the events of the Book of Esther take place. It serves as the backdrop for the unfolding drama of God's providence.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty in History
Mordecai's presence in Susa and his lineage remind us that God orchestrates history and places people in specific roles for His purposes.

Heritage and Identity
Understanding our spiritual heritage can empower us to fulfill God's calling in our lives, just as Mordecai's identity as a Jew of Benjamin influenced his actions.

Courage and Faithfulness
Mordecai's life encourages believers to stand firm in their faith and convictions, trusting in God's plan even in foreign or hostile environments.

Providence and Protection
The account of Mordecai and Esther illustrates God's providential care and protection over His people, encouraging us to trust in His unseen hand.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Mordecai's lineage as a descendant of Kish and the tribe of Benjamin influence his role in the account of Esther?

2. In what ways does the setting of Susa contribute to the unfolding of God's plan in the Book of Esther?

3. How can understanding our spiritual heritage and identity in Christ empower us to live out our faith today?

4. What are some modern-day situations where believers might need to exhibit the courage and faithfulness demonstrated by Mordecai?

5. How can we recognize and trust in God's providence in our own lives, especially when facing challenges or uncertainties?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 9
The genealogy of Mordecai connects back to Kish, the father of King Saul, providing a historical and familial context that ties the account of Esther to the broader account of Israel's monarchy.

Genesis 49:27
The tribe of Benjamin is described as a warrior tribe, which can be seen in Mordecai's courage and strategic thinking throughout the Book of Esther.

Romans 8:28
The account of Mordecai and Esther exemplifies how God works all things for the good of those who love Him, as seen in the deliverance of the Jewish people.