Ecclesiastes 2:22

For what does a man get for all the toil and striving with which he labors under the sun?

Study Bible

For what does a man get
This phrase introduces a rhetorical question that challenges the reader to consider the ultimate outcome or reward of human effort. The Hebrew word for "get" here is "ḥēleq," which can also mean "portion" or "share." It suggests a deeper inquiry into the tangible and intangible returns of one's life work. In the context of Ecclesiastes, this question reflects the Preacher's (traditionally understood as Solomon) exploration of life's meaning and the apparent futility of human endeavors when viewed from a purely earthly perspective.

for all the labor
The term "labor" is translated from the Hebrew word "ʿāmāl," which conveys not just work, but toil and hardship. This word emphasizes the strenuous and often burdensome nature of human effort. Historically, labor has been a central aspect of human existence since the fall of man in Genesis, where work became toilsome as part of the curse. This reflects the broader biblical theme that while work is a part of God's design, it is also marred by the fall, leading to frustration and weariness.

and endeavors
"Endeavors" is derived from the Hebrew "ḥishbôn," which can mean "thoughts" or "plans." This word suggests the mental and strategic efforts that accompany physical labor. It encompasses the planning, scheming, and intellectual exertion that humans invest in their pursuits. In the biblical context, this highlights the comprehensive nature of human striving, not just physical but also mental, and raises questions about the ultimate value of such efforts.

at which he toils
The word "toils" is again rooted in "ʿāmāl," reinforcing the idea of laborious effort. This repetition underscores the exhaustive nature of human work. The Preacher's use of this term twice in the verse emphasizes the relentless and often unrewarding cycle of human activity. It serves as a reminder of the curse of labor post-Eden and the existential weariness that can accompany a life focused solely on earthly achievements.

under the sun
This phrase is a key motif in Ecclesiastes, appearing numerous times throughout the book. It signifies life from a purely earthly perspective, devoid of divine insight or eternal consideration. "Under the sun" frames the Preacher's exploration of life's meaning as one that is limited to the temporal and material world. In the broader scriptural context, it challenges readers to lift their eyes beyond the immediate and transient to the eternal and divine, suggesting that true fulfillment and purpose are found not in earthly toil but in a relationship with God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
Traditionally considered the author of Ecclesiastes, Solomon was the king of Israel known for his wisdom, wealth, and extensive building projects. His reflections in Ecclesiastes are often seen as a culmination of his life experiences.

2. Israel
The nation over which Solomon reigned. The cultural and historical context of Israel during Solomon's time provides a backdrop for understanding the themes of labor and toil.

3. Labor and Toil
Central themes in this verse, representing human effort and the pursuit of meaning through work and achievements.

Teaching Points

The Futility of Earthly Pursuits
Solomon's question highlights the temporary and often unsatisfying nature of earthly achievements. Believers are encouraged to evaluate their pursuits in light of eternity.

The Burden of Toil
The Hebrew word for "toil" ('amal) suggests wearisome labor. Recognizing the burden of toil can lead us to seek rest and purpose in Christ.

Eternal Perspective
While earthly labor can seem futile, work done for God's glory has eternal significance. Christians are called to align their efforts with God's purposes.

Contentment in Christ
True contentment is found not in the accumulation of wealth or achievements but in a relationship with Christ, who provides ultimate satisfaction.

Stewardship of Work
Believers are called to be good stewards of their work, using their talents and resources to serve God and others, reflecting His kingdom values.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Solomon's reflection on labor in Ecclesiastes 2:22 challenge your current view of work and success?

2. In what ways can the curse of toil from Genesis 3:17-19 be seen in your own life, and how does this understanding affect your daily activities?

3. How can you apply Jesus' teaching in Matthew 6:19-21 to your approach to work and material possessions?

4. What steps can you take to ensure that your labor is not in vain, as encouraged in 1 Corinthians 15:58?

5. How can you cultivate contentment in Christ amidst the pressures of worldly achievements and expectations?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 3:17-19
This passage describes the curse of toil and labor as a result of the Fall, providing a foundational understanding of why work can be burdensome.

Matthew 6:19-21
Jesus teaches about storing treasures in heaven rather than on earth, which connects to the futility of earthly endeavors highlighted in Ecclesiastes.

1 Corinthians 15:58
Paul encourages believers that their labor in the Lord is not in vain, offering a contrast to the seemingly futile labor "under the sun."